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Lesson
Institutionalize - fast-tracking - and flexibility. The technical assistance (TA) attached to the project allowed flexible responses to diverse capacity gaps, and fast-tracked procurement and disbursement, and the implementation of the safeguards policy. The flexibilities allowed under the emergency policy reduced procurement time and enabled efficient mobilization of resources.

Project Number: 39631-013
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Enhance transparency for effective oversight. The government-established ERRA Council, headed by the prime minister, consists of independent and reputable individuals from civil society in the affected regions. The council followed the reconstruction process and reviewed and reported regularly to the general public on its progress and outcomes, developing a sense of ownership. Independent oversight, involving representatives of civil society disseminating information to key constituents, promoted transparency and enhanced the credibility of the host government.

Project Number: 39631-013
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Articulate policies, strategy, and standards early. The local populations and nongovernment organizations (NGOs) started reconstruction work well before provincial and federal governments started articulating their responses. Expectations rose, and some facilities, especially in health, were built by bilateral donors to standards that were much higher than the capacity of the line agencies to maintain them. This resulted in inconsistencies, violations of policies and standards developed for reconstruction work, and unsustainable operation of completed facilities.

Project Number: 39631-013
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Clarify roles and respect existing mandates. Initial delays in implementation of the project were caused by confusion about the roles of new and existing institutions. Any large- scale reconstruction operation requires clear delineation of the mandates of levels of government, to provide the structure and clarity required for all stakeholders to work with maximum efficiency. To the extent possible, the provincial and regional governments and federal agencies should be provided with capacity to perform their mandated roles.

Project Number: 39631-013
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Have a dedicated lead institution. The dedicated federal (Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority or ERRA) and provincial reconstruction authorities led the overall coordination and monitoring, and facilitated procedures, policies, and strategies for reconstruction. This arrangement allowed efficient and transparent reconstruction, and established the government's commitment to and credibility in mobilizing resources.

Project Number: 39631-013
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The executing agency needs to monitor the project more closely. Without timely monitoring and evaluation, an opportunity to demonstrate improved sector performance was missed. Early mobilization of consultants is necessary for effective implementation of the project. Consideration could be given to a short, results-based consulancy to assist the executing agency and project implementation unit (PIU) agree on the baseline, commence procurement, and clarify any implementation issues, as well as short- to medium-term consultancies to implement specific project components.

Project Number: 37698-013
Project Name: Information and Communications Technology in Basic Education Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Assessment of the procurement capacity of the executing agency and ensuring development of adequate capacity of the PIU and executing agency would help implementation of the project and ensure efficient procurement and consultant engagement.

Project Number: 37698-013
Project Name: Information and Communications Technology in Basic Education Project
Report Date:
Lesson
E-learning is as important for teachers as it is for their students. Information and communications technology (ICT) is not a translation of textbook materials into electronic textbooks, but requires pedagogical skill in identifying how the technology strengthens student understanding of core concepts and encourages self-directed learning. It is a transition from teacher-centered to student-centered pedagogy. It also requires more creative e-learning materials.

Project Number: 37698-013
Project Name: Information and Communications Technology in Basic Education Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The cluster leader school (CLS) model supported by a decentralized training cascade is an effective model for delivering continuous professional development training.

Project Number: 37698-013
Project Name: Information and Communications Technology in Basic Education Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A general lesson learnt is that the sustainability of initiatives beyond the lifetime of the project rests heavily on the level of reinforcement provided by the Ministry of Education (MOE), in the form of circulars, training, and regular follow up by provincial and zonal staff. For example, initiatives such as school-based assessment and Program for School Improvement, which were supported and reinforced by the MOE (e.g.

Project Number: 35192-013
Project Name: Secondary Education Modernization Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
Stronger monitoring and support from zonal facilitators is essential for ensuring effective use of interventions made in quality of learning. Although the project developed several good training modules on Program for School Improvement, school-based assessment, teaching learning methodologies and teaching learning resource development and use, the effective use of these modules cannot be sustained unless supported in schools and classrooms by a committed zonal facilitator.

Project Number: 35192-013
Project Name: Secondary Education Modernization Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
Investment in information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure requires additional resources and training to ensure that the facilities are adequately and appropriately utilized and maintained.

Project Number: 35192-013
Project Name: Secondary Education Modernization Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
Substantial evidence demonstrates that community-driven development (CDD) approaches are more effective than other approaches to basic infrastructure development. Evidence also indicates that CDD is likely to offer better cost recovery and maintenance of completed infrastructure facilities and services because of the strong sense of ownership of the community members. In addition, CDD leads to better accountability. Transparency in decision making and procurement and increased use of audits have demonstrably reduced corruption and leakage of public funds.

Project Number: 40247-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Community facilitators must be qualified and committed, and enough time must be set aside for community empowerment activities, to ensure that community members are sufficiently involved in prioritizing their needs, developing investment proposals, and making decisions. [Main text, para. 65(ii)]

Project Number: 40247-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Involving the beneficiaries at all stages of planning and implementation of upgrading activities and promoting inclusive community empowerment are critical in ensuring pro-poor investments and sustainability.

Project Number: 40247-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date: