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Lesson
Affected persons should not be displaced before they have signed compensation agreements. This was strictly applied in Fuzhou and is now a national regulation.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sufficient budget and institutional coordination should be available to minimize the transition period between the completion of resettlement housing and demolition of structures, and relocation of affected persons to their new residences.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Extra attention and resources should be allocated to projects involving displacement of unregistered or illegal properties.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Public announcement of the resettlement cutoff date and its notification to affected villagers should be supported by robust evidence of the established cutoff date such as unambiguous aerial photographs. Local authorities should also try to prevent people from building illegal structures and should rigorously enforce the cutoff date.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Alternative design options to avoid or minimize house demolition and resettlement should be explored thoroughly during detailed design and project implementation, particularly if the project is located in a rapidly urbanizing area. In the Fuzhou project, design options were largely limited by technical parameters such as flood discharge flows and gradients.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects that are intermingled with domestically financed development projects should be avoided. Many cities have elaborate local land acquisition and resettlement regulations that often make it difficult for ADB projects to implement land acquisition and resettlement independently from the other development projects. In the case of Fuzhou, the ADB-financed project and the domestically financed projects affected the same villages, and this caused some confusion and dissatisfaction in the affected villages.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The government's land acquisition plan should be prepared well before project approval so that all preparatory administrative procedures are completed ahead of physical implementation of projects.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project design and resettlement planning should be carefully sequenced with the government's development plan using a realistic implementation schedule.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The rapid urbanization and transformation of cities in the PRC means that resettlement safeguards are a critical element of urban projects throughout project preparation and implementation. This is particularly complex in the eastern coastal cities, such as Fuzhou, that experienced unplanned housing development.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A careful institutional assessment and well-targeted capacity development program would help strengthen institutional capacity and promote sustainable management of urban services. There were discrepancies between the actual institutional arrangements and those stipulated in the loan and project agreements concerning responsibilities for investment and operations and maintenance in wastewater services and inland creek rehabilitation. These discrepancies made some of the loan covenants inoperable and caused the project's capacity building program to be mistargeted.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Urban development projects are inherently complex, involving various sectors and agencies, numerous infrastructure works, and significant safeguard impacts; thus they require tight coordination among all stakeholders. Considering the sector and institutional complexities, sufficient time should be allowed to scope, design, and implement urban projects. While the project management setup and implementation arrangements were generally relevant and effective, the interagency coordination necessary for the project was at times inadequate.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The management information system proved to be an efficient means to provide all project information and data and helped Municipal Development Fund monitor implementation of the project in a timely manner. The same system should be used other projects.

Project Number: 43171-013
Project Name: Municipal Services Development Project - Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Issues regarding legal and/or technical aspects of operation and maintenance (O&M) planning and funding, measures for cost recovery, tariff collection, and the metering system should be properly studied by consultants to mitigate the risk associated with inadequate O&M of project water supply system facilities.

Project Number: 43171-013
Project Name: Municipal Services Development Project - Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
On-the-job training activities alone are less effective than actual training courses in terms of capacity development. The capacity of the municipal governments remains weak; all lack a filing and database system to store their asset inventories, which will be essential for planning, improvement and operation and maintenance of municipal infrastructure and services.

Project Number: 43171-013
Project Name: Municipal Services Development Project - Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Considering there were some shortfalls in the road subproject detailed design work (such as drainage and ditch cover, sidewalk, and traffic safety provision), Municipal Development Fund (MDF) technical staff, local consultants and contractors need training on technology and workmanship in order to reach international standards. MDF and ADB need to ensure timely recruitment of construction supervision.

Project Number: 43171-013
Project Name: Municipal Services Development Project - Phase 2
Report Date: