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Lesson
The program grant enabled the Revenue Equalization Reserve Fund (RERF) drawdown to be reduced in 2014 and expedited reforms. Ongoing actions under the post-program partnership framework can be combined into a multi-year matrix linked to ongoing budget support. The program also highlighted the importance of partnership (with government and other development partners) through creation of a joint policy matrix.

Project Number: 47314-001
Project Name: Strengthening Fiscal Stability Program: Program Completion Report
Report Date:
Lesson
The grant pre-conditions were an incentive for the government to reform state owned enterprise (SOE) governance and operation and improve management of government revenue, expenditure, assets, and liabilities. An ongoing ADB technical assistance (TA) was timely in supporting SOE reforms that preceded and continued after grant release.

Project Number: 47314-001
Project Name: Strengthening Fiscal Stability Program: Program Completion Report
Report Date:
Lesson
Road safety programs in rural areas need continuous support to remain sustainable. In this respect, project-based interventions need to be designed more carefully with measures of strengthening beneficiary involvement included in the community- based road safety program to sustain its momentum even after project completion.

Project Number: 42358-013
Project Name: GMS - Cambodia Northwest Provincial Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Contractor Assessment. The project was affected by the unsatisfactory performance of two contractors and one supplier. Although such performance issues are usually observed in projects of similar nature, it is not simple to find a resolution through the bidding process or contract administration. Therefore, a well-planned performance monitoring system by the government linked to sanctioning of such entities may be a likely remedy.

Project Number: 42358-013
Project Name: GMS - Cambodia Northwest Provincial Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely Implementation of Resettlement Compensation. The timely implementation of resettlement (including at the CBF) was a risk identified at project appraisal. The project encountered delays in resettlement compensation due to slow disbursement of counterpart funds. Since delays in resettlement affect civil works implementation, measures to supplement counterpart funds, including the use of ADB loan proceeds for resettlement compensation, should be considered.

Project Number: 42358-013
Project Name: GMS - Cambodia Northwest Provincial Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Cross-Border Facilities (CBF) Rehabilitation. No CBF rehabilitation between Cambodia and Thailand included in past ADB-financed projects was implemented since the government failed to acquire land in a timely manner. Therefore, future subregional projects of similar nature need to assess the feasibility of land acquisition for CBF at the concept stage. Depending on the case, either the project should not be considered for ADB-financing or the government should ensure that land acquisition is completed before the fact-finding mission, as an advance action.

Project Number: 42358-013
Project Name: GMS - Cambodia Northwest Provincial Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The capacity of national civil work contractors in technology and workmanship needs to be developed to ensure that the quality of civil works is on par with international standards. An environmental monitoring group (EMG) should be established in a timely manner with realistic mandates for monitoring environmental impact throughout project implementation, so that it can fulfill its responsibilities, including information sharing and coordination with the local authorities.

Project Number: 40007-013
Project Name: Surkhandarya Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The salaries of project management unit (PMU) and project implementation unit (PIU) staff should be comparable with prevailing market rates to prevent high turnover.

Project Number: 40007-013
Project Name: Surkhandarya Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project should not engage individual national consultants for construction supervision if there are many project sites due to limited capacity, unless mitigation measure are adopted. Significant inflation affected contracts. However, the contract amount was not adjusted due to the absence of price adjustment provisions in the contract documents, even in cases where the contract period was extended beyond 18 months. Price adjustments should be considered for contracts of less than 18 months when high inflation is likely to occur.

Project Number: 40007-013
Project Name: Surkhandarya Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Initial implementation delays were mainly attributed to delays in: (i) government approval of subproject feasibility studies, and (ii) the engagement of consultants, suppliers, and contractors. These delays could be minimized if government approval procedures involving various ministries are streamlined and approval authority, at least for smaller contracts, is further delegated to the executing agency.

Project Number: 40007-013
Project Name: Surkhandarya Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project should take fully into account the condition of the power supply, which is critical for water supply services in the country. The availability of water supply relies exclusively on an uninterrupted power supply.

Project Number: 40007-013
Project Name: Surkhandarya Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Successful activities need to be institutionalized and scaled up. The effectiveness of upgrading 100 secondary schools is a good example that school-based management builds ownership and accountability, and increases the quality of schooling as a result. The need for more good quality secondary schools is urgent for the country. The success of school grants is another example of small pilot activities. Such intervention yielded great returns and it needs to be sustained in order to receive greater benefits in the long run.

Project Number: 39293-013
Project Name: Education for Knowledge Society Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In addition, a more systematic design would give more scope to the executing agency to develop synergies among outputs and to make systematic changes. For instance, the EKSP offered many ad-hoc teacher training courses through different project activities. But there was no systematic approach to integrate these activities into a comprehensive and structured professional development plan. The core issue that influences the quality of teaching in Sri Lanka is the lack of clear career progression paths with proper professional development opportunities for both teachers and principals.

Project Number: 39293-013
Project Name: Education for Knowledge Society Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The need for further scaling up of the Education Sector Development Program (ESDP) became clear. The Education for Knowledge Society Project (EKSP) upgraded 100 secondary schools and one post-secondary school among many. At the end of the project, there is a clear need to strengthen capacity in more secondary schools, which should be done using a program approach. Specifically, it is necessary to ensure that students in disadvantaged and rural areas have equitable access to quality secondary education, sufficient training is given to teachers, and the needed resources are provided.

Project Number: 39293-013
Project Name: Education for Knowledge Society Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The government's and beneficiaries' in-kind contributions included in the project cost estimates should be quantifiable to ensure the proper monitoring and audit of the project's financial statements.

Project Number: 37536-013
Project Name: Land Improvement Project
Report Date: