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Lesson
(ii) When gender and development issues are among the output targets, project management should be hiring a competent and experienced gender specialist on a long-term basis.

Project Number: 36224-013
Project Name: Second Rural Infrastructure Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
(i) A proper project design includes not only conducting due diligence and risk assessments but also identifying risk mitigation measures;

Project Number: 36224-013
Project Name: Second Rural Infrastructure Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Emphasizes the value of undertaking a comprehensive baseline study in the project management cycle and a not too complicated and ambitious project design.

Project Number: 37530-013
Project Name: Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The recruitment of consultants took longer than expected. Again, the PCR did not indicate the reason for the delays although the complexity of the consultancy contract may have been partly responsible. Under the project, implementation consultants were to be hired under a single contract yet this was divided into two packages—one to be financed by AFD and the other by ADB. This is an unusual arrangement and assistance from ADB and AFD during the recruitment process may have helped facilitate and expedite the recruitment process.

Project Number: 33356-013, 33356-014
Project Name: Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Nam Ngum River Basin Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The need for ADB to be proactive and to keep an open dialogue with the government to minimize any delay in loan effectiveness. The PCR did not identify the reason for the long delay, nor did it mention any attempt by ADB to resolve any difficulty that was causing the delay. The Lao PDR is not a new borrower from ADB and is, therefore, generally familiar with the requirements of loan effectiveness, hence, potential problem caused by new procedure or policies of the government should have been identified during project preparation and measures to mitigate these should have been included.

Project Number: 33356-013, 33356-014
Project Name: Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Nam Ngum River Basin Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project success depends, to a large extent, on continuous support and attention by ADB—as shown by the long delays and lack of progress when the project was managed from headquarters—in contrast to the quick successful completion after its delegation to the NRM.

Project Number: 34306-013
Project Name: Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Geographic targeting of poor, isolated areas is crucial in reaching communities that are most in need of development support, but it may undermine project implementation and viability.

Project Number: 34306-013
Project Name: Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A project’s scope must be within the implementation capacity of the executing and implementing agencies.

Project Number: 34306-013
Project Name: Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Offsetting weakness in low bids. ADB's introduction of a stronger performance security requirement to the standard national competitive bidding (NCB) document for works after slow performance by the initial contractors proved effective in preventing similar problems in later subprojects. The new requirement weeded out bidders whose bids were too low to actually cover the costs of an adequate delivery of works.

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Issues caused by related urban development plans. The implementation of somesubprojects was delayed due to changes in the designs to be consistent with related urban development plans, followed by the contract variations made necessary by these redesigns. It also meant that the affected elements of the subprojects would have to be carried out only when the related urban development plans were to be implemented. Related urban development plans should have been fully considered when subprojects were designed.

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Incomplete external monitoring and evaluation of resettlement. The LPMOs committed during project preparation to pay independent agencies for external resettlement M&E but became reluctant to do so. As a result, the M&E reporting was less frequent than required. ADB should have financed the M&E with loan proceeds, to ensure the M&E to be carried out without relying on LPMOs' payments to the agencies. The two agencies should have provided the LPMOs with reports or feedback to establish close cooperation with them.

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Shortcomings in environmental management. The local environmental protection bureaus (LEPBs) should have been closely consulted during project preparation. ADB should have assessed the capacities of the LPMOs and LEPBs for programing and implementing environmental monitoring in more detail. ADB should have provided more regular guidance to the PPMO and conducted more frequent follow-ups regarding the implementation of the consolidated environmental management plan (CEMP) and the environmental management plans (EMPs).

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Inadequate support for project management. The design allowance for consultant inputs to support project management was inadequate. Adequate loan proceeds should have been earmarked for these services, considering the scale and complexity of the project and the capacities and experience of the provincial project management office (PPMO) and local project management offices (LPMOs).

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sector project implementation challenge. This sector project with 35 subprojects presented an implementation challenge, particularly for land acquisition and resettlement. This included the difficulties of preparing the resettlement plans of 27 noncore subprojects during project implementation and ensuring external monitoring and evaluation (M&E).

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Need for periodic review of investment ceilings, supply and buying contracts as well as the required membership fees. This would ascertain the risks and sustainability of the members’ commitment to the CAA. When funding permits, outsourcing of engineering services for infrastructure subprojects should also be considered.

Project Number: 34308-022
Project Name: Commercial Agriculture Development Project
Report Date: