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Lesson
Issues caused by related urban development plans. The implementation of somesubprojects was delayed due to changes in the designs to be consistent with related urban development plans, followed by the contract variations made necessary by these redesigns. It also meant that the affected elements of the subprojects would have to be carried out only when the related urban development plans were to be implemented. Related urban development plans should have been fully considered when subprojects were designed.

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Incomplete external monitoring and evaluation of resettlement. The LPMOs committed during project preparation to pay independent agencies for external resettlement M&E but became reluctant to do so. As a result, the M&E reporting was less frequent than required. ADB should have financed the M&E with loan proceeds, to ensure the M&E to be carried out without relying on LPMOs' payments to the agencies. The two agencies should have provided the LPMOs with reports or feedback to establish close cooperation with them.

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Shortcomings in environmental management. The local environmental protection bureaus (LEPBs) should have been closely consulted during project preparation. ADB should have assessed the capacities of the LPMOs and LEPBs for programing and implementing environmental monitoring in more detail. ADB should have provided more regular guidance to the PPMO and conducted more frequent follow-ups regarding the implementation of the consolidated environmental management plan (CEMP) and the environmental management plans (EMPs).

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Inadequate support for project management. The design allowance for consultant inputs to support project management was inadequate. Adequate loan proceeds should have been earmarked for these services, considering the scale and complexity of the project and the capacities and experience of the provincial project management office (PPMO) and local project management offices (LPMOs).

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sector project implementation challenge. This sector project with 35 subprojects presented an implementation challenge, particularly for land acquisition and resettlement. This included the difficulties of preparing the resettlement plans of 27 noncore subprojects during project implementation and ensuring external monitoring and evaluation (M&E).

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Another lesson that was not raised by the PCR is the issue of tariff and cost recovery. The project agreement specified that wastewater tariffs were to be reviewed annually and adjusted as needed to achieve the cost-recovery targets. A special loan administration mission fielded in September 2010, however, reported that the process of increasing tariffs had been postponed for over 4 years. The auditor also raised concerns that the tariff revenue being received was insufficient to maintain the operation as well as meet debt obligations.

Project Number: 37597-013
Project Name: Wuhan Wastewater and Stormwater Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A well planned and implemented capacity building program can significantly strengthen the institutional capacity of PMOs and benefit subsequent ADB urban projects in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, as this project has shown.

Project Number: 40643-013
Project Name: Xinjiang Urban Transport and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project implementation consultant was mobilized nearly two years after loan effectiveness because of the long recruitment process, which resulted in a lack of assistance to the PMO and delayed submission of required reports at the beginning of implementation. Early consulting firm engagement should be done by PMOs in the future.

Project Number: 40643-013
Project Name: Xinjiang Urban Transport and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project management office (PMO) serves a critical coordinating function in executing projects that involve several implementing agencies. The PMO's strong leadership proved crucial for efficient project implementation.

Project Number: 40643-013
Project Name: Xinjiang Urban Transport and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The Project's financial charges during implementation (FCDI) were significantly over-estimated because the floating London interbank offered rate (LIBOR) dropped after the 2008 financial crisis and remained low through implementation. Prompt reallocation of the surplus for proper use can avoid loan proceeds cancellation.

Project Number: 40643-013
Project Name: Xinjiang Urban Transport and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Comprehensive reassessment of implementation issues and timely adjustment of project scope and loan proceeds allocation can prevent delays in implementation and optimize the use of ADB financing, as this project has done.

Project Number: 40643-013
Project Name: Xinjiang Urban Transport and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The government's and beneficiaries' in-kind contributions included in the project cost estimates should be quantifiable to ensure the proper monitoring and audit of the project's financial statements.

Project Number: 37536-013
Project Name: Land Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Cofinancing by Global Environment Facility (GEF) is particularly useful for agricultural projects with environment- sensitive issues like water and soil salinity, and water logging.

Project Number: 37536-013
Project Name: Land Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
On-farm works requiring consultation with and contributions from beneficiaries require considerable time, efforts, and resources. Hence, their design, schedule, resource allocation, and implementation arrangements need to be planned carefully.

Project Number: 37536-013
Project Name: Land Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A thorough review of the project at the midterm review to identify key issues and prepare remedial measures was key to the adequate completion of the project.

Project Number: 37536-013
Project Name: Land Improvement Project
Report Date: