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Lesson
Data generation from multiple points, spread across several units and consulting teams, can affect the accuracy and timeliness of data collation. In 2006, the EA established several anticorruption and governance measures, including (i) public disclosure of the details of physical and financial progress and the results of all tenders on the project website, (ii) public audits of project works by field-level committees in every borough, and (iii) computer-aided redress of public grievances with a requirement to respond within 24 hours upon receipt of the complaint.

Project Number: 42266-013, 42266-023
Project Name: Kolkata Environmental Improvement Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Stakeholder involvement in project design and advance preparation of the consultant terms of reference and procurement packages strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency potential of projects. Close involvement by the executing agency and project colleges allowed for an in-depth discussion of outcome and output indicators, as well as of the cost estimates reflecting the local context and implementation capacity of the executing agency and project colleges.

Project Number: 42278-024
Project Name: Second Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to tailor impact indicators to what the project can realistically achieve in relation to wider development goals. Two project impacts selected at inception—(i) an increase in per capita electricity consumption from 2,000 kWh (2013) to 3,000 (2023), and (ii) an increase in annual electricity supply from 6,300 GWh (2013) to 15,000 (2023) cannot be linked directly to an increase in substation capacity and SCADA expansion. As such, no reliable assessment can be made on the project's accomplishment relative to these indicators.

Project Number: 46416-002
Project Name: Power Transmission Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Capacity building in TVET needs to go hand-in-hand with industry progress as employment of TVET students is directly influenced by industry trends and capacity. Complementary elements, such as the purchase of equipment and training of instructors on the equipment, should be arranged more successively to allow the implementation of subsequent phases to proceed more seamlessly. Greater focus is needed in engaging the private sector to better understand the trends in hiring and updating of curricula and learning materials.

Project Number: 42278-024
Project Name: Second Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Climate risk assessments must be undertaken during project preparation, with results factored into the project design and budgets. The project experienced unforeseen landslides, pointing out the need to (i) improve climate modelling at design stage to incorporate potential climate change impacts on frequency and severity of landslide hazards for projects located in mountainous areas, and (ii) ensure adequate budget or contingency for potential increase of land acquisition during implementation.

Project Number: 46042-002
Project Name: Shaanxi Mountain Road Safety Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Short-term training courses have many advantages that make them more preferable than longer bachelor- and masters-level courses. The project colleges' management, teachers, and trainers expressed their preference for short-term training courses over the longer bachelor- and masters-level courses the project provided. This reflects their desire to receive specific subject training that can be achieved in more focused and shorter courses.

Project Number: 42278-024
Project Name: Second Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective coordination and harmonization of policies, strategies, and action plans among the development partners can meaningfully support fragile countries. The joint policy reform matrix (JPRM) demonstrated how four development partners came together to provide sizable budget support to Tonga in its hour of need, when the country faced multiple challenges, including disasters triggered by natural hazards, the COVID-19 pandemic, and a fragile economy.

Project Number: 55016-001
Project Name: Economic Recovery Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The integration of urban and rural water supply systems ensures the delivery of improved and equitable water supply services to urban and rural residents in Chaonan district, which is ADB’s value addition to inclusive and balanced development. The institutional and tariff reforms have made services equitable and affordable to all. The tariff per ton charged to residents has been decreased by 40%, benefiting 1.41 million residents in Chaonan district. The formulation and design of the project can be replicated in similar rural and small-town water supply systems in the PRC.

Project Number: 46079-002
Project Name: Guangdong Chaonan Water Resources Development and Protection Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Inadequate consideration of climatic constraints,working seasons in the project sites, difficult terrain, and availability of experienced local labor and construction materials can cause construction delays with implications on project implementation periods and costs .

Project Number: 37143-033
Project Name: North Eastern States Roads Investment Program - Project 2 and Multitranche Financing Facility
Report Date:
Lesson
An innovative approach is needed to encourage the government in implementing critical reforms, but the approach needs to be culturally sensitive. The program shows that a reform associated with a wage bill is difficult to implement. Layoffs or significant cuts in overtime payment have social ramifications and need to be dealt with sensitively, especially when there are limited alternative employment opportunities.

Project Number: 55016-001
Project Name: Economic Recovery Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Zero changes in project staff and implementation arrangement contribute significantly to smooth project implementation. The key staff of the project management office and implementing agencies remained unchanged throughout the project preparation and implementation periods. This, along with the absence of any scope changes, ensured smooth implementation of the project. The experience can be repeated in future projects through appropriate institutional measures and project implementation arrangements.

Project Number: 46079-002
Project Name: Guangdong Chaonan Water Resources Development and Protection Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Assessment of risks related to tariff policy implementation needs to be included in the project preparatory tehnical assistance to ensure that these risks are addressed in the project design. The risk assessment in the design phase did not adequately discussethe feasibility of fully implementing the water tariff policy, and accordingly plan the mitigation measures.

Project Number: 42266-013, 42266-023
Project Name: Kolkata Environmental Improvement Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
The economic downturn triggered by COVID-19 pandemic presented an unmet opportunity for the project . Additional stipend funds could have enabled the enrollment of unemployed youth in TVET institutions. This would have transformed a period of low economic activity into a skills development opportunity. A recommended strategy is for the borrowing government to earmark funds in an escrow account, ensuring continued disbursement to beneficiaries after project closure by ADB.

Project Number: 42278-024
Project Name: Second Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Essential infrastructure and services can positively impact gender equity when designed to address the specific needs and responsibilities of women. This project contributed significant time savings for rural women by releasing them from the burden of fetching water,. Extra time provided them the opportunity to redirect their efforts to economically and socially productive tasks, spending time with family, and leisure activities.

Project Number: 46079-002
Project Name: Guangdong Chaonan Water Resources Development and Protection Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Alignment with government programs is crucial to the success of projects and its individual components. Under the project, the executing agency successfully implemented initiatives in (a) property tax and widening the property tax net, (b) MIS installation, (c) adoption of new accounting procedures, (d) staff training for the operation and maintenance of urban infrastructure, and (e) online billing and collection systems for the water supply and sewerage services in the program urban local bodies. This success is attributed to the alignment of the initiatives with government programs.

Project Number: 38254-013, 38254-063
Project Name: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 4 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date: