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Lesson
It is important to take stock of and learn from other development partners’ experience and learnings in similar projects as they can share valuable lessons to inform project design. A failure to account for previous projects’ lessons can have significant costs in project effectiveness

Project Number: 45098-001
Project Name: Project Preparation and Start-Up Support Facility
Report Date:
Lesson
Weak indicators for outcomes and outputs hamper the tracking of project successes. If the project’s indicators had been more specific, measurable, and/or evaluable, problems could have been identified earlier and possibly addressed. This would have likely allowed for mid-course corrections or modifications.

Project Number: 45098-001
Project Name: Project Preparation and Start-Up Support Facility
Report Date:
Lesson
Objectives under Output 3 could have been pursued further through other ADB modalities when the AETP (Accelerating Economic Transformation Program) was discontinued (as in Output 1 on energy and social protection). The lack of structural transformation had been presented as one fundamental reason why the BOP (balance of payments) crises are recurrent in Pakistan. There was a strong consensus during subprogram 1 and subprogram 2 that resource mobilization, internal or external, is not what constrains Pakistan development in normal times (i.e. outside crisis episodes).

Project Number: 42163-013
Project Name: Accelerating Economic Transformation Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Attaching support for this reform agenda to a crisis fighting effort and to an IMF (International Monetary Fund) adjustment program was a major handicap for the AETP (Accelerating Economic Transformation Program). A multiyear pursuit of structural transformation objectives would have benefited from not being linked to the short-term financial targets that govern macroeconomic stabilization programs, crucial as they are.

Project Number: 42163-013
Project Name: Accelerating Economic Transformation Program
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 41666-013
Project Name: Punjab Government Efficiency Improvement Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The design and implementation of the cluster program shows that it was too ambitious in its scope, and that depth of program engagement is more important than breadth of reforms. Improving the overall efficiency of the government is a complex undertaking. It requires major changes in existing institutional arrangements, human resource capacity, and legal and regulatory frameworks.

Project Number: 41666-013
Project Name: Punjab Government Efficiency Improvement Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The importance of existing institutional capacity for carrying out changes in the technical aspects of the project design. The risks associated with a change in scope should be fully considered to prevent project failure.

Project Number: 30535-013
Project Name: Financial Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 32024-013
Project Name: Sindh Rural Development Project [Loan 1934-PAK]
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 37135-013, 37135-033
Project Name: Balochistan Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB project supervision and guidance should match a project's complexity and challenges, especially in response to projects at risk. Particularly for a technically complex and nuanced area such as public financial management, ADB project officers should have strong relevant technical backgrounds.

Project Number: 30535-013
Project Name: Financial Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Executing agencies, ADB project officers, project consultants, and others must very carefully examine and assess the full range of possible impacts from a change of scope. Technically correct, evidence-based positions must prevail.

Project Number: 30535-013
Project Name: Financial Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A project modality may not be the best approach to a process issue such as fostering improvements in a public financial management system. A combination of technical assistance (TA) and program lending or a sector development program may have been a more appropriate approach in bringing about improvements. If a project modality is used, financing plans should reflect the nature of the project inputs being financed. Although the project mobilized almost $25 million in grant parallel cofinancing, many of the international consultants were financed from the loan.

Project Number: 30535-013
Project Name: Financial Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The design of the BRMP, supported by the TA loan, was meant to promote the use ofavailable fiscal resources for delivering services to the poor. This can happen only if the system that links the financial sector and the delivery of services to the poor exists on the ground, and is functioning properly. The situation in Balochistan clearly did not fulfill these conditions. During Board consideration of the loan, a number of members had raised this issue and cautioned the staff, saying that implementation was going to be key.

Project Number: 37135-023
Project Name: Supporting Public Resource Management Reforms in Balochistan
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects that are innovative in nature or complicated in design inherently involve delays and require intensive ADB supervision. The potential delays should be factored into the design. Community development projects require additional time and proper arrangements for community mobilization and social preparation processes. ADB experience with such projects, including the Sindh Rural Development Project, shows they generally experience delays of 2 years. The project period should not be less than 7 years.

Project Number: 32024-013
Project Name: Sindh Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sector loans lack the scope to address crosscutting themes and have mostly been successful due to established institutional linkages within given sectors. In contrast, the issue of labor rights is not confined to a sector, but is a crosscutting macro-level structural issue involving nationwide economic, sociopolitical, and legal reforms.

Project Number: 32024-013
Project Name: Sindh Rural Development Project
Report Date: