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Lesson
The One ADB review mechanism that supported program and/or project processing under the COVID-19 Pandemic Response Option (CPRO) was effective in facilitating quick access by DMCs to emergency support from ADB. The CPRO policy and guidelines were still being developed while the program was under preparation, and managing changing internal guidance and expectations added significant pressure. Neverthelesss, program preparation efficiency gains from the One ADB review mechanism were widely experienced.

Project Number: 54309-001
Project Name: Health Expenditure and Livelihoods Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Continued engagement with the government on macroeconomic and structural reforms will maximize program benefits. This program was an integral part of ADB’s overall country support activities and backed the government’s strong commitment to state-owned enterprise reform and structural macroeconomic reform. Particularly through technical assistance to strengthen economic management, it supported macroeconomic stability, sustained growth, and project preparation.

Project Number: 54160-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The ambitiousness of goals should be balanced with the availability of data and capacity to quickly augment more granular data collection. Data disaggregated by sex and age of end-recipients are often not available at the time of project preparation and this was the case with this program. Even after effectiveness and during implementation, only limited new data were prepared by the government. Systems were lacking to collect such data.

Project Number: 54160-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The COVID-19 pandemic response option (CPRO) is an effective model for channeling significant support to government to mitigate the impacts of a crisis.This program demonstrated how the CPRO provided a timely and effective means for channeling support to government in helping mitigate negative social, health, and economic impacts of a crisis.

Project Number: 54193-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
In small island developing countries with limited policy reform capacity, ADB should avoid targeting multiple reform areas in one policy-based operation—i.e., debt management, civil service reform, management of the wage bill, public procurement, and private sector development—and keep prior actions to a minimum.

Project Number: 48361-001, 48361-002, 48361-003
Project Name: Building Macroeconomic Resilience Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Policy reform programs with complex and multiple interventions require rigorous identification and assessment of the political economy and capacity risks to ensure overall effectiveness.

Project Number: 48361-001, 48361-002, 48361-003
Project Name: Building Macroeconomic Resilience Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Actions that demonstrate the achievement of program policy matrix milestones should indicate what has been achieved, rather than the process of their accomplishment. For example, Cabinet approval is an inadequate indicator to demonstrate a successful policy reform in Tonga.

Project Number: 48361-001, 48361-002, 48361-003
Project Name: Building Macroeconomic Resilience Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The collection of sex-disaggregated data remains to be a challenge in Georgia and this needs greater attention in ensuing programs in the country. The collection of sex-disaggregated data to support CPRO design and implementation was challenging, hindered in some cases by the emergency situation, and in other instances, by the limitations in government databases. This highlights the need for ensuing programs to carefully evaluate and identify the appropriate gender indicators in ensuing programs.

Project Number: 54191-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Targeted and medium- to long-term assistance in key sectors is particularly critical for Georgia to sustainably recover from COVID-19 impacts. There is opportunity in crisis that, if taken advantage of expeditiously, can lead to significant beneficial measures. In the case of Georgia, the depth of the crisis that led ADB and other development partners (DPs) to offer a large rescue package illustrates what can be achieved under crisis situations.

Project Number: 54191-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The CPRO was a highly effective pandemic response and reform program, which ADB can build upon to help accelerate the structural reform process it has been supporting in Georgia. The CPRO provided Georgia with a useful and effective tool in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. It was prepared with unprecedented speed and supported the priorities identified by the government in its COVID-19 response program.

Project Number: 54191-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Changing internal guidance and expectations added significant pressure in designing ADB’s COVID-19 response programs and this has to be managed more effectively in future similar circumstances. ADB was still refining its COVID-19 pandemic response option (CPRO) policy and guidelines when this program was prepared. Managing the changing internal guidelines and expectations added significant pressure.

Project Number: 54358-001
Project Name: Health Expenditure and Livelihoods Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Widespread assistance from development partners (DPs) in times of crisis could lead to fiscal expansion and unsustainable expenditures that require subsequent downward adjustments. The inflow of DP assistance to support the Republic of Marshall Islands’ (RMI) COVID-19 response plan has masked its structural fiscal deficit and led to expenditures that were unsustainable and needed to be adjusted afterwards. With the pandemic winding down, it has become most important for the country to heed the EconMAP’s recommendation for it take steps to address this fiscal deficit.

Project Number: 54358-001
Project Name: Health Expenditure and Livelihoods Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Targeted assistance will help ensure that crisis response programs reach those who need them most. Targeted assistance to women and girls, including in safeguarding their health and safety and prioritizing their coverage in socioeconomic assistance, helped support the well-being of these vulnerable groups. Harmonizing efforts to distribute WASH and dignity kits with those undertaken by a civil society group eliminated the risk of duplication and inefficiencies thus maximizing available assistance from various sources.

Project Number: 54358-001
Project Name: Health Expenditure and Livelihoods Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Better coordination or shared reporting and reliance on government’s own systems would ease the burden of monitoring and reporting the implementation of crisis response programs. Developing an effective reporting and monitoring system during a pandemic is difficult because of competing demands on staff time. This is accentuated when other development partners providing complementary support similarly impose reporting requirements.

Project Number: 54358-001
Project Name: Health Expenditure and Livelihoods Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Combating pandemics of COVID-19’s scale requires a whole-of-society-and-government approach. While replicating the Bhutanese experience may be difficult given the country's uniqueness in many ways, Bhutan's strong leadership and the government's relentless endeavor to implement public safety measures while vaccinating nearly the entire adult population is notable. Bhutan’s COVID-19 response with a whole-of-society-and-government approach under the leadership of the King is exemplary and provides a model for combating pandemics of such a scale.

Project Number: 54183-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date: