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Lesson
A timely and amicable settlement of disagreements between the executing agency and consultants and/or contractors should be worked out to the extent possible to avoid court cases and minimize the associated costs. The executing agency (EA) terminated the contract of the consultant for institutional capacity development on grounds of performance. As a result, both parties presented arguments to the dispute board and the matter is under the purview of Honorable High Court of Jharkhand.

Project Number: 49125-001
Project Name: Second Jharkhand State Road Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Well-developed monitoring framework with logically defined target indicators can assist the project in measuring its achievements and results objectively. Under the project, an indicator about the share of e-trikes in the operation of 3-wheelers or the number of local government units adopting electric mobility options for public transport would have been more appropriate outcome indicators. Furthermore, the e-trikes’ operating costs and drivers’ income could have been included to assess the financial suitability of the new technology.

Project Number: 43207-013
Project Name: Market Transformation through Introduction of Energy-Efficient Electric Vehicles Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical support in the preparation of bidding documents and evaluation of bids is critical to streamline the implementation of these investments and make necessary and timely adjustments. ADB can provide technical capacity support to executing agencies with no previous experience in new specialized technology during project design.

Project Number: 43207-013
Project Name: Market Transformation through Introduction of Energy-Efficient Electric Vehicles Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Programs such as this should take a holistic approach to measuring and abating air pollution. Although substantial progress has been made, longer-term policy measures to address the ongoing air quality issue in Mongolia are still needed The increased concentrations of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide show shortcomings in the program’s overall achievements, along with the concentrations of small particulate matter which remain above World Health Organization’s guidelines, necessitating more policy actions.

Project Number: 53028-001
Project Name: Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program and Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program – Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Publication of air quality should be institutionalized to provide a feedback loop to policy makers and to empower the public to assess overall progress. ADB’s participation in the longer-term framework for air pollution abatement will reinforce the feedback and will be an instrument to provide additional assistance that will ensure the continued air pollution reduction in Ulaanbaatar and other urban areas in Mongolia.

Project Number: 53028-001
Project Name: Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program and Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program – Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
The use of lump sum construction supervision contracts under conditions of frequent design changes is disadvantageous for the consultant and could jeopardize project implementation. The use of a lump sum contract between the EA and consultant for this project was not suitable. Lump sum contracts work well when tasks are precisely defined and the risks to both parties are well understood. In this case, the project had frequent design changes that resulted in extended discussions on the variations and severe implementation delays.

Project Number: 41192-013
Project Name: Regional Logistics Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to minimize if not completely prevent the need for design changes that could exacerbate implementation challenges. The project as delivered differs significantly from that expected at appraisal. A memorandum of understanding following the April 2013 loan review mission had made extensive and critical comments on the conceptual and detailed design of the project.

Project Number: 41192-013
Project Name: Regional Logistics Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Lack of strategic information can affect the quality of gender targets set at approval, making them difficult to achieve during implementation. Disaggregated information by gender was not available during project preparation. This affected the quality of the gender targets included in the design and monitoring framework (DMF) and the gender action plan (GAP). Challenges in achieving the targets during implementation should have prompted a deeper review of these targets with adjustments made as necessary.

Project Number: 42414-023
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Meaningful targeted consultation is essential in ensuring that project-affected people’s needs are heard and addressed in project design and implementation and reduces the likelihood of an escalation of grievances and, consequently, of project costs. The public consultation approach proved inadequate in generating a full picture of potential project impacts. A house-to-house needs assessment and the conduct of focused group discussions could have provided deeper insights and more valuable inputs from the visually impaired affected persons.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
A project specific DMF is key to reliably assessing the implementation progress and overall performance of each tranche project. The DMF for this project contained indicators that pertained to investments under other tranches of the multitranche financing facility (MFF). This made monitoring and evaluation of project progress and performance difficult, with results that hid the real picture and so prevented corrective measures from being undertaken during implementation.

Project Number: 42414-023
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Independent technical studies are useful in addressing project-related grievances. The executing agency, in collaboration with ADB, determined that specific studies, including noise and vibration studies, had to be completed before proposing solutions to address the concerns of the complainants. While the proposed RAP was not accepted by the complainants, the technical studies proved useful in establishing the deficiencies of the IEE and could be built upon in addressing issues of similar nature.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
The design and monitoring framework (DMF) needs to be carefully formulated to adequately measure project achievements. The DMF contained indicators that were not entirely attributable to the project. The assumptions and data source behind the quantitative baselines and targets for several indicators were also not clearly explained. These weaknesses need to be addressed in future projects.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Robust project baseline data is needed to adequately assess complex projects with significant potential environmental and social impacts. In this project, baseline data on noise, vibration, vulnerable affected people, and river ecology were collected in accordance with contracts, applicable laws, regulations, and policies. This proved insufficient and led to questionable results particularly with the regard to the impact of vibration in several project-affected buildings. For future projects, more detailed studies and additional assessments need to be carried out.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Changes in government could trigger changes in counterpart agencies and priorities with significant implications on program design and implementation. The national election in 2012 resulted in a change in government and the subsequent appointment of new directors and staff in Municipal Development Fund of Georgia (MDF), the project executing and implementing agency (EA/IA). Additional time thus had to be devoted to building capacity and awareness with respect to the project. Several subprojects were cancelled because of changes in government priorities.

Project Number: 42414-023
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects could fail because of faulty impact assessments. The initial environmental examination (IEE) approved by ADB had to be revised as road vibration and noise impacts needed to be studied further. While public consultations were conducted, these did not generate enough buy-in from some of the stakeholders who raised formal complaints. Local people outside the project’s original area of influence opposed project implementation as well as the proposed remedial action plan (RAP), due to which the project could not be carried out within the original timeframe.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date: