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Lesson
Changes in scope and consultants' contracts need to be anticipated in future TA, with sufficient contingencies provided. Despite the difficult circumstances created by the COVID-19 pandemic, several workshops were conducted to present the interim and final deliverables. While these helped to foster stakeholder and ADB agreements, adherence to the originally agreed upon TA scope of the TA was challenging, as the executing agency refocused and added additional tasks to the TA.

Project Number: 54092-001
Project Name: Institutional Support to the National Quality Center for Road Assets
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Lesson
Detailed market analysis through strategic procurement planning and accurate cost estimates could prevent unexpectedly low bids, leading to significant project savings. Under this project, it is noted that low bids did not negatively affect the quality of construction.

Project Number: 45509-002
Project Name: Chongqing Urban-Rural Infrastructure Development Demonstration II Project
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Lesson
Inadequate consideration of the project sites' topography and geological conditions in project feasibility studies and detailed engineering designs could lead to unexpected cost increases during implementation. There was a significant cost increase in land acquisition and resettlement due to changes in the project scope and additional land acquisition that needed to be undertaken because of the complex geological conditions in some sites resulting in increased civil works costs in some packages.

Project Number: 45509-002
Project Name: Chongqing Urban-Rural Infrastructure Development Demonstration II Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely and close monitoring of safeguard implementation by trained project management staff and consultants minimizes disruption to communities and facilitates smooth implementation. A grievance redress mechanism was established across all three subprojects; but no grievances were officially recorded.

Project Number: 44240-013
Project Name: Urban Infrastructure Project
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Lesson
The development of a firm sector investment plan supports successful project implementation. The sector plan, covering the short-, medium- and long-term horizons, helps avoid overlaps of projects that may result in scope changes which could adversely affect the project implementation timeline, funding and cost, and loan utilization. Such an investment plan commits the government to a definite set of projects in the sector that allows for a stable implementation of social and environmental safeguards.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
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Lesson
Thorough preparation of reliable and accurate cost estimates for each subproject is critical to help project implementation. Possible cost changes during implementation need to be kept within the acceptable threshold level and cost contingencies. Substantial cost overrun may lead to cancellation of critical project components.

Project Number: 42414-013, 42414-045
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program (Tranche 5 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
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Lesson
Performing adequate risk assessment and identifying mitigation measures accordingly at appraisal, including sufficient stakeholder consultations, are important measures in ensuring smooth project implementation and readiness. Specifically, safeguards risk assessment would benefit from a thorough due diligence and analysis of project risks, which reduces the potential safeguards related issues, specifically with respect to land acquisition and resettlement compensation.

Project Number: 47281-001
Project Name: National Highway Network Development in Balochistan Project
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Lesson
Inadequate consideration of climatic constraints,working seasons in the project sites, difficult terrain, and availability of experienced local labor and construction materials can cause construction delays with implications on project implementation periods and costs .

Project Number: 37143-033
Project Name: North Eastern States Roads Investment Program - Project 2 and Multitranche Financing Facility
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Lesson
Climate risk assessments must be undertaken during project preparation, with results factored into the project design and budgets. The project experienced unforeseen landslides, pointing out the need to (i) improve climate modelling at design stage to incorporate potential climate change impacts on frequency and severity of landslide hazards for projects located in mountainous areas, and (ii) ensure adequate budget or contingency for potential increase of land acquisition during implementation.

Project Number: 46042-002
Project Name: Shaanxi Mountain Road Safety Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Substantial cost overruns could result from inadequate detailed design, new legislation (e.g., banning slow-moving traffic from highways), changes in pavement composition to address climate change impacts and overloading, constructability issues, unforeseen project features, and road safety and traffic issues.

Project Number: 40540-014, 40540-017
Project Name: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Road Connectivity Project
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Lesson
issues, unforeseen project features, and road safety and traffic issues

Project Number: 46040-003
Project Name: Yunnan Pu'er Regional Integrated Road Network Development Project
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Lesson
Preparing, reviewing, and monitoring project cost estimates contribute to a more efficient utilization of project funds. A more in-depth assessment and consideration of currency depreciation factors during project appraisal permits a more robust cost estimate. Under this project, a substantial loan amount was canceled because of the rupee depreciation against the US dollar. In-depth financial planning and cost projections coupled with risk mitigation measures allows for better utilization of loan proceeds.

Project Number: 49125-001
Project Name: Second Jharkhand State Road Project
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Lesson
A timely and appropriate change in scope and reallocation of grant (or loan) proceeds responding to actual project needs emerging from implementation can help utilize available grant (or loan) resources in a more targeted and efficient manner, facilitate the conduct of more activities, potentially deliver more outputs, and maintain the project's relevance and effectiveness.

Project Number: 44130-022
Project Name: District Capitals Water Supply Project
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Lesson
Urban development projects typically involve a variety of risks in the course of its implementation and execution of activities. Formulating appropriate project design and risk assessment during preparatory phase is critical to minimize start-up and implementation delays. This includes a systematic appraisal of the project’s technical scope and engineering design, project cost and contingencies, environmental and social safeguards, and financial and contractual risks.

Project Number: 43023-013
Project Name: Guangxi Beibu Gulf Cities Development Project
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Lesson
Optimal contingency allocations will minimize partial loan cancellation.

Project Number: 40648-034
Project Name: Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism - Tranche 3
Report Date: