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Lesson
The number of projects and subprojects to be implemented under any assistance package must consider the absorptive capacity of local contractors, availability of construction materials, and local labor. Close attention must be given to the quality of the facilities and infrastructures built. Utilizing local contractors and labor have their trade-offs, such as implementation delays and deficiency in financial resources, but the quality of the completed facilities is nonnegotiable. This would require closer supervision, frequent monitoring, and faster processing of payments.

Project Number: 44065-013
Project Name: Conflict-Affected Region Emergency Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is best to allocate available local resources and assistance, including loans based on sector priorities, through a participatory process involving all stakeholders and beneficiaries.

Project Number: 44065-013
Project Name: Conflict-Affected Region Emergency Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Engaging many local contractors in post-conflict rehabilitation rebuilds local capacities but can also lead to implementation delays.

Project Number: 44065-013
Project Name: Conflict-Affected Region Emergency Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB’s procurement and disbursement procedures are too complex for small entities.

Project Number: 44065-013
Project Name: Conflict-Affected Region Emergency Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Decentralization improves local community and institutional ownership.

Project Number: 44065-013
Project Name: Conflict-Affected Region Emergency Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Need for strong emphasis on establishing adequate O&M mechanisms to ensure sustainability of the built infrastructure. Lastly, more guidance is required from district administrations, consultants, and community facilitators to ensure that communities understand the importance of systematic maintenance.

Project Number: 38385-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective utilization of existing institutions avoided start-up problems and delays. This enabled the concerned agencies to immediately trigger implementation activities without waiting for a project management office to be set up. This was attributed to ADB’s own experience in implementing the previous PNPM Mandiri project.

Project Number: 38385-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
The project yielded the following insights for similar, future community-driven development projects: (i) Inclusive involvement of community members in decision making and implementation of infrastructure projects is needed to ensure ownership and transparency. (ii) Community facilitators and consultants must be well selected so that only qualified and committed personnel are deployed to support communities in the empowerment process and on technical matters.

Project Number: 38385-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 32024-013
Project Name: Sindh Rural Development Project [Loan 1934-PAK]
Report Date:
Lesson
Labor- related regulatory and administrative reforms were included in the design but given the program loan focus on fiscal matters and reduction of recurrent costs, these measures were not achieved because these measures required increase in public expenditure and legislation.

Project Number: 32024-013
Project Name: Sindh Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A multisector community development project must be organic in nature (i.e., self- operating, which reduces the coordination demands on the executing agency, and the need for monitoring by ADB). This can only happen if (i) the design includes comparatively more tested and proven interventions and fewer new initiatives; and (ii) the interventions are limited in number and strategic in nature; and (iii) if an appropriate executing agency and nongovernment organizations (NGOs) are selected at the appraisal stage.

Project Number: 32024-013
Project Name: Sindh Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Links between labor rights and welfare, good governance practices, poverty reduction and the improvement of labor rights through loans by multilateral financing institutions is relatively under-researched, at least with respect to Pakistan. Yet, given the overarching focus of ADB on good governance and poverty reduction, it is critical that this be explored. Poverty reduction not only requires that income opportunities be created, but also that these opportunities constitute a means by which individuals and households can exit the absolute poverty cycle.

Project Number: 32024-013
Project Name: Sindh Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Multisector community development projects are generally complicated in nature and adding a labor rights protection agenda to these projects would complicate implementation.

Project Number: 32024-013
Project Name: Sindh Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects that are innovative in nature or complicated in design inherently involve delays and require intensive ADB supervision. The potential delays should be factored into the design. Community development projects require additional time and proper arrangements for community mobilization and social preparation processes. ADB experience with such projects, including the Sindh Rural Development Project, shows they generally experience delays of 2 years. The project period should not be less than 7 years.

Project Number: 32024-013
Project Name: Sindh Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sector loans lack the scope to address crosscutting themes and have mostly been successful due to established institutional linkages within given sectors. In contrast, the issue of labor rights is not confined to a sector, but is a crosscutting macro-level structural issue involving nationwide economic, sociopolitical, and legal reforms.

Project Number: 32024-013
Project Name: Sindh Rural Development Project
Report Date: