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Lesson
Aligning TA deliverables to the knowledge needs articulated and defined by governments enhances the value proposition and value addition of ADB technical assistance to developing member countries. In this case, the significant knowledge delivered by the TA on the impact of COVID-19 on the labor market and foresights into the emerging skills and professions in the post-pandemic environment provided critical inputs to the development of the Solidarity Fund for Kazakhstan (AFK) and related policies.

Project Number: 54265-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Solidarity Fund for Kazakhstan
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Lesson
Land acquisition issues in PNG are more difficult to resolve than in other countries, as 97% of land is customarily owned. In this project, In this project, In this project, they were harder to contend with than expected at design stage due to changes in weather patterns that affected travel plans, with many of the sites located at sea. In a project as widely dispersed geographically as this one, more time will also have to be allowed for site access and community engagement activities.

Project Number: 44375-013
Project Name: Maritime and Waterways Safety Project
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Lesson
Urban land acquisition in densely populated areas poses significant challenges. Compensation rates may rise during implementation, driven by urbanization rather than project schedules, potentially causing delays beyond the control of the project. Aligning civil engineering procurement with land acquisition progress is essential to prevent contractual disputes. Close collaboration, clear milestones, and effective communication mitigate risks. Establishing a resettlement information system aids in early issue identification, maintaining transparency.

Project Number: 45022-002
Project Name: Jiangxi Ji'an Sustainable Urban Transport Project
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Lesson
Careful political economy analysis can help identify potential legal or regulatory changes on the horizon that could impact planned interventions. In this case, changes in the regulatory framework related to hazardous waste management resulted in the cancelation of one output.

Project Number: 45009-002
Project Name: Fifth Health Sector Development Project
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Lesson
Based on the experience from this TA, comprehensive contingency plans need to be in place to address potential disruptions or changes in future energy projects. These plans should account for geopolitical, economic, and environmental factors. Moreover, it is important to encourage diversification of energy sources to reduce reliance on a single resource. Exploring renewable energy options, such as solar, wind, and hydropower, to enhance the resilience of energy projects and prioritizing sustainability in all energy projects are particularly important in this regard.

Project Number: 44184-012
Project Name: Afghanistan and Turkmenistan: Regional Power Interconnection Project
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Lesson
Ensuring that the design of the TA aligns with ADB strategic regional efforts is important in order for the TA to contribute to longer-term sustainable results. In this case, the TA was aligned with ADB strategies and policies on RCI, energy, and environment, as well as the national and regional policies and strategies of the SASEC member countries.

Project Number: 52070-001
Project Name: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Regional Energy Cooperation
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Lesson
An established cooperation platform like the South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation (SASEC) facilitates the design of a regional TA and is particularly helpful in ensuring that TA activities are well grounded, technically sound,and flexible. The TA design and planning process followed a comprehensive and collaborative approach, analyzing regional cooperation and integration (RCI) potential and challenges in the energy sector of the SASEC region, with extensive consultations undertaken among various stakeholders in each SASEC member country.

Project Number: 52070-001
Project Name: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Regional Energy Cooperation
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Lesson
The three-step approach of feasibility studies, detailed engineering design, and ensuing project through separate and sequential financing modalities helps in country partnership strategy, programming dialogue, and long-term engagement. The TA has proven this approach to be effective in achieving technical, safeguards, procurement, and implementation readiness in the ensuing project.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
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Lesson
Continuing dialogue between ADB and the Uzbekistan government is necessary to further improve the government's focus on gender equality and women’s empowerment. Potential gender entry points for ADB could be to support knowledge building on gender-based budgeting, integrating gender and social dimensions into social protection systems, and gender-focused small and mediyum-sized enterprise development programs for job creation.

Project Number: 56149-001
Project Name: Building Resilience with Active Countercyclical Expenditures Program
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Lesson
Political instability and security issues have a significant impact on project implementation and the ability to meet timeframes. These and other external factors need to be considered during the design stage especially to map out more realistic and achievable timeframes. Risk mitigation measures should be agreed upon with participating countries during project appraisal.

Project Number: 52070-001
Project Name: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Regional Energy Cooperation
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Lesson
It is important to listen to government counterparts and to understand the local context of the country through in-depth diagnostic study. This will help in recommending suitable and context-specific solutions. Project teams should try to anticipate country requests, especially during the conduct of the diagnostic studies, for which costs can sometimes be underestimated.

Project Number: 54076-001
Project Name: Strengthening Property Tax Management to Enhance Local Revenue
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Lesson
Project readiness and advance contractung and retroactive financing facilitate successful and timely project completion. Project readiness—in terms of technical, financial, and safeguards readiness—was effectively undertaken, thereby facilitating smooth project implementation. The use of advance contracting and retroactive financing likewise helped enable the completion of all project activities by the original loan closing date.

Project Number: 47047-002
Project Name: Shandong Groundwater Protection Project
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Lesson
TA consistency with the country partnership strategy is important. This TA was envisioned to provide knowledge for future ADB fintech projects, consistent with respective DMC country partnership strategies.

Project Number: 54246-001
Project Name: Impact Evaluation of Financial Technology Innovations in Selected Developing Member Countries
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Lesson
To avoid and minimize adverse project impact, engineering and social safeguard teams need to work closely to ensure land acquisition and compensation are in line with the approved detailed engineering designs.

Project Number: 46293-003
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Tourism Infrastructure for Inclusive Growth Project
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Lesson
The success of the government anti-crisis plan in terms of maintaining economic growth and protecting vulnerable groups validated the effectiveness of the government’s approach. The reforms it promoted proved successful in achieving the government’s goals of protecting vulnerable citizens, ensuring food security, and maintaining employment levels while promoting gender equality and climate and disaster resilience.

Project Number: 56147-001
Project Name: Building Resilience with Active Countercyclical Expenditures Program
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