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Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 38447-013
Project Name: Rural Enterprise Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Experience with the implementing agencies suggests that regular and persistent communication with ADB staff in Manila, with implementing agencies, and the resident mission are critical to keeping the program on track.

Project Number: 36155-013
Project Name: Private Participation in Infrastructure Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Establishment of PPI frameworks needs to be accompanied by the development of 'pathfinder projects' that may be prepackaged in line with good international practice, and protected from special interest interference.

Project Number: 36155-013
Project Name: Private Participation in Infrastructure Program
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB program designs should include a more strategic approach to marketing the benefits of PPI frameworks to the public, the private sector, and government.

Project Number: 36155-013
Project Name: Private Participation in Infrastructure Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Outputs that are prerequisites for other outputs need to have a technical assistance dedicated to them upfront.

Project Number: 36155-013
Project Name: Private Participation in Infrastructure Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A major effort went into training compliance teams and developing compliance manuals used for spotted and reported noncompliance among the home owners. Employing a third party to monitor compliance directly at the household level may be the best way to get a comprehensive picture of the problems involved in the adaptation of seismic standards. Perhaps a greater focus on the ability of the compliance teams to provide on-the-spot solutions to home owners may also have yielded better results.

Project Number: 40563-013
Project Name: Earthquake-Displaced People Livelihood Restoration Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Reconstruction led by communities can be expedited if house design options take into account the local skills, materials, tastes, geography, and culture. Also, innovative money-saving building techniques need local acceptance to be sustainable, but this may require more time and effort devoted to training.

Project Number: 40563-013
Project Name: Earthquake-Displaced People Livelihood Restoration Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Community involvement in owner-driven rehabilitation and reconstruction programs - through training, inspection responsibilities, and village committees - provides the human resources needed for major post-disaster housing reconstruction efforts. It also creates a greater sense of ownership, helps build capacity, reduce disputes and ensures the sustained use of seismic reconstruction techniques in the long term.

Project Number: 40563-013
Project Name: Earthquake-Displaced People Livelihood Restoration Program
Report Date:
Lesson
In situ housing reconstruction prevents disputes and increases efficiency, but it does not allow for improvements in historic patterns of rural, village, or town development; nor does it make possible the consolidation of housing sites and services. There is thus a trade-off between efficiency and overall effectiveness. On the other hand, outsourced reconstruction that allows household relocation by a third party may be more effective, but much less efficient and sustainable.

Project Number: 40563-013
Project Name: Earthquake-Displaced People Livelihood Restoration Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Similarly, the release of the first three installments took less time compared with the release of the final installment. The last installment was associated with superstructure (above plinth level). Such works entail major seismic resistant components. Noncompliance during construction in this phase has resulted in delays in the release of the final installment. Future programs should build in rigorous monitoring and consultation to avoid or minimize substantial noncompliance in the final phase of reconstruction.

Project Number: 40563-013
Project Name: Earthquake-Displaced People Livelihood Restoration Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The owner-driven, in situ approach to post-disaster housing reconstruction is efficient, but only partially effective in achieving the desired outcomes. This is mainly because ensuring uniformity in construction quality and seismic standards is a major challenge when serving large populations, irrespective of the levels of awareness and training of the home owners. This challenge can be partly addressed if there is real-time impact and outcome monitoring, as well as an efficient feedback-and-response loop during the reconstruction.

Project Number: 40563-013
Project Name: Earthquake-Displaced People Livelihood Restoration Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The reconstruction grants of PRs175,000 per household offered by the government was for 400 square foot area. This was substantially lower than the prevailing rates for the desired standard of seismic-resilient construction. About 60% of the rebuilt houses were 500-999 square feet. A pre- and post-earthquake comparison (footnote 10) showed that the overall proportion of houses with less than 1,000 square feet had increased from 65% to 80%.

Project Number: 40563-013
Project Name: Earthquake-Displaced People Livelihood Restoration Program
Report Date:
Lesson
While the project-preparation facilities made sense, the TA loan itself was spread too thinly. The funds were dispersed across three sectors, and were handled by numerous agencies managing subprojects in many locations. This made coordination a challenge right from the outset, especially given the absence of an experienced and capable local coordination team. It did not work. In retrospect, the multi-sector design of the TA was wrong, and approval should not be given for similar TA loans in the future. The important lesson learned here is to restrict loans to one sector at a time.

Project Number: 38458-013
Project Name: Infrastructure Development
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB should have restructured its technical assistance (TA) loan much earlier, taking into account two events: (i) the approval of new multitranche financing facilities (MFFs) with project-preparation components that duplicated some of the TA's work, and (ii) dramatic changes in the economy that made some subprojects irrelevant and/or unfundable. The review missions reported on consultant services and their performance, and they did propose a major restructuring of the TA over time.

Project Number: 38458-013
Project Name: Infrastructure Development
Report Date:
Lesson
The Planning and Development Division's (PDD lack of capacity to assist the implementing agencies delayed the issuance of consultant mandates, thus slowing down work on some priority subprojects. The choice of the PDD as the executing agency was a mistake. The PDD lacked qualified staff,, access, and a track record. The setting up of new units to manage consultancy contracts does not work and should not have been proposed in the first place.

Project Number: 38458-013
Project Name: Infrastructure Development
Report Date: