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Lesson
The design of the Power Sector Development Program (PSDP) took into account the lessons learned from previous ADB operations in the power sector. In particular, the preparation of the PSDP benefited from the sector assistance program evaluation of ADB's assistance to the Philippine power sector. On this basis, the PSDP envisaged two subprograms with 2-year time horizons, covering 2007- 2008 and tentatively 2009-2010. Target dates were set only for subprogram 1 to allow flexibility in the overall implementation schedule.

Project Number: 30207-023
Project Name: Power Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The feasibility study should have included a detailed value-chain analysis to trace the flow of produce from the farm to its final use and to identify all risks involved at different stages. Effective, feasible remedies should be recommended at each stage. A critical oversight in assessing risks was linking the investment project to the purchase of tomatoes by the tomato-processing factory.

Project Number: 24076-013
Project Name: Bukidnon Integrated Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Greater attention should have been given to the impact of the project on the budget resources of the province.

Project Number: 24076-013
Project Name: Bukidnon Integrated Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
More resources should have been allocated prior to appraisal for the preparation of the feasibility study to verify that the project was both technically and economically viable. The small-scale feasibility study did not provide sufficient time or resources to collect important design data such as rainfall records, land tenure status, crop budgets (including realistic figures on crop inputs), yields, and prices for the with- and without-project situations. This additional information would have enabled the appraisal report to provide a more informed assessment of major project risks.

Project Number: 24076-013
Project Name: Bukidnon Integrated Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Procedures for project implementation at the local level need to be established at an early stage. More attention needs to be given to establishing an ongoing dialogue among ADB, national-level government agencies, and the provincial- level executing agency (EA) and implementing agencies (IAs) on the documentation required for the smooth flow of funds. More attention should have been given to capacity building of the EA and IAs in the early stages of project implementation.

Project Number: 24076-013
Project Name: Bukidnon Integrated Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Greater care should be taken when recommending the introduction of new technology such as drip irrigation, which had not been practiced on a large scale in the Philippines.

Project Number: 24076-013
Project Name: Bukidnon Integrated Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The water availability for the irrigation schemes appears to have been underestimated at the design stage. In particular, it was found that the Sagayon communal irrigation system or CIS (if implemented) would have been able to provide irrigation water to less than 35% of the area planned.

Project Number: 24076-013
Project Name: Bukidnon Integrated Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The high cost of providing water to crops, such as tomatoes, using drip irrigation can only be justified in situations where there is assurance of high yields and prices for farm produce. In the project design, insufficient attention was paid to ensuring that the farmers would be able to secure the resources to fund the purchase of high levels of farm inputs or that the marketing arrangements would remain in place for them to obtain high prices.

Project Number: 24076-013
Project Name: Bukidnon Integrated Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project should have supported a detailed market study to identify the demand for various high-value crops in different markets at various times of the year. This information could have been made available to farmers to guide them in their timing and choice of planting different crops. A market information system, linking farmers with major buyers for their commodities, could also have been provided to ensure that farmers receive the best prices for their crops.

Project Number: 24076-013
Project Name: Bukidnon Integrated Area Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Because the government had already purchased most of the housing prior to ADB loan approval, it could not be financed by the loan. ADB funds were therefore directed toward facilities. If ADB had not been involved in the project, the host communities would have received these community facilities much later and they would probably have been of a lower quality.

Project Number: 30308-013
Project Name: Pasig River Environmental Management and Rehabilitation Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The technical assistance contributed substantially to achieving the policy reforms envisaged under the policy loan, but longer-term and more focused assistance will be required since: (i) as a new agency, the PRRC has limited capacity to drive policy reforms; (ii) policy change requires skills, effective institutional incentives and culture change; (iii) the program is ambitious and multi-faceted, encompassing a wide range of stakeholders with a variety of interests, not necessarily linked to the policy agenda.

Project Number: 30308-013
Project Name: Pasig River Environmental Management and Rehabilitation Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The program assumed that by implementing the policy framework the government would have the tools and capacity to implement the full Pasig River Development Plan (PRDP), leading to the overall objective of improving the Pasig River water quality to class C level by 2014. However, the outputs of the policy loan covered only part of the implementation activities of the PRDP, and therefore it should have been clear from the start that the overall objective was not attainable.

Project Number: 30308-013
Project Name: Pasig River Environmental Management and Rehabilitation Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The program required the cooperation of a large number of government agencies, while responsibility for implementation was given to the newly established Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission, without a well-established mandate or political influence. Without high-level political support, coordination became difficult and program outcomes were not achieved. When the responsibility for project implementation was delegated to sector agencies, it became more effective.

Project Number: 30308-013
Project Name: Pasig River Environmental Management and Rehabilitation Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The program was overly ambitious in its scope and in its implementation structure. Only after modification of the scope and implementation arrangements was progress made. This could have been avoided, had a proper risk assessment and risk mitigation plan been prepared, based on the lessons learned from the previous program. Although the Pasig River Development Plan provided a good framework for the implementation of environmental improvement projects, more and longer-term assistance is required to establish the institutional setting for its effective implementation.

Project Number: 30308-013
Project Name: Pasig River Environmental Management and Rehabilitation Sector Development Program
Report Date: