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Lesson
Baseline data are important. During conflicts, data change: infrastructure is destroyed and people are displaced. Monitoring surveys are difficult to conduct because of restricted access. The project management unit failed to expand the management information system to assess subproject impacts, the absence of which made postproject evaluation difficult.

Project Number: 36601-013, 36601-023, 38111-013
Project Name: North East Community Restoration and Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Most contracts were relatively small and within the competence levels of local contractors, especially relevant in the difficult conditions for access and supply that applied during and after the conflicts. Use of local contractors, instead of outside companies, strengthened local ownership and avoided aggravating community and ethnic tensions.

Project Number: 36601-013, 36601-023, 38111-013
Project Name: North East Community Restoration and Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation is difficult in the fluid security conditions of conflicts and their aftermath. However, staff members were motivated by the evident need for their services, as well as by pressure from both sides in the conflict to address basic infrastructure in all areas.

Project Number: 36601-013, 36601-023, 38111-013
Project Name: North East Community Restoration and Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The North East Community Restoration and Development implementation structure, including the delegation of responsibility to a provincial project management unit and the inclusion of all stakeholders in the provincial project coordination committee subproject selection process, was effective in implementing restoration activities. It provided a model for coordination between central, provincial, district, divisional, and local government, and encouraged cooperation with other agencies and minimized duplication of agencies' work.

Project Number: 36601-013, 36601-023, 38111-013
Project Name: North East Community Restoration and Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
All civil works project loans need to be delegated to ADB's country resident mission at the earliest date, to ensure closer monitoring, so that where necessary, monthly review meetings can be held with Executing Agency to monitor performance against monthly agreed targets set at prior monthly meetings. This monthly monitoring approach should be mandatory for projects experiencing significant implementation and disbursement delays.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Separating the engineering consultant roles between (i) design and supervision and (ii) implementation support needs to be carefully assessed during project design. When such division of responsibility is included in the project design, the design and supervision consultants need to be appointed first to avoid the project performance problems.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To avoid implementation delays, project management units need to be established in advance, with appropriate personnel and advance capacity training provided to such personnel. Establishment of project management unit and the engagement at least 90% of the project management unit full time staff is made as condition for loan effectiveness.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Most importantly, the government, Department of Works and the development partners need to agree on adequate levels of maintenance funding necessary for the sector and ensure that they are provided into a separate account at the beginning of the year to implement a properly designed maintenance program. The amount to be committed by the Government/ Department of Works needs to be clearly mentioned in the Report and Recommendations of the President and covenanted in the loan agreement.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To ensure efficient contractor performance, local contractor ability and capacity needs to be assessed in advance to determine appropriate contract packaging and apply single step procurement procedures. Project preparatory technical assistance report shall include a section or appendix on the local contracting and consultant capacity assessment and Report and Recommendations of the President is to propose measures to gap the capacity constraints.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To facilitate project implementation, Executing Agency need to encourage and apply advanced procurement where possible to engage consultants and initiate procurement activities for subproject contracts early to minimize delays which otherwise result in price escalations. Advance action for procurement and consultant recruitment is made compulsory with the assistance of ADB staff in guiding the Executing Agency's staff.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A rigorous assessment of an Executing Agency's capacity to undertake technical, financial, economic, safeguards and governance evaluation of subprojects needs to be conducted during project formulation. Project preparatory technical assistance report is to include a section or appendix on the Executing Agency capacity assessment and Report and Recommendations of the President is to propose measures to gap the capacity constraints.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Government counterpart funding for similar projects needs to be secured upfront, at least for the initial years with firmer guarantees for subsequent years, and paid into a separate project account. Subprojects need to be duly appraised, estimates prepared and approved, at least prior to Loan Effectiveness. Subproject preparations must reach 90% completion at the time of project preparatory technical assistance and 100% prior to loan effectiveness. This could be made as - effectiveness' criteria.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Expedite Withdrawal Application processing by reducing processing time and involving ADB in checking the claim before the Engineer issues the payment certificate. One way of overcoming this issue is to ensure that counterpart funding allocation into the project account needs to be made as conditions for ADB's disbursement.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The initial delays due to the lack of consistent and timely project review and oversight from ADB during the first 3 years of the project could not be corrected for a long period, during which time civil works progress fell behind completion targets and disbursement was constantly below expectations. In order to mitigate this, frequent review and close supervision and closely monitoring for in-country procurement processes will be required.

Project Number: 32124-013, 32124-023
Project Name: Road Maintenance and Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project monitoring and evaluation systems require sets of measurable indicators and associated targets so that corrective measures can be implemented in time to achieve the project’s outcome.

Project Number: 27182-013
Project Name: North-West Frontier Province Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date: