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Lesson
The program grant enabled the Revenue Equalization Reserve Fund (RERF) drawdown to be reduced in 2014 and expedited reforms. Ongoing actions under the post-program partnership framework can be combined into a multi-year matrix linked to ongoing budget support. The program also highlighted the importance of partnership (with government and other development partners) through creation of a joint policy matrix.

Project Number: 47314-001
Project Name: Strengthening Fiscal Stability Program: Program Completion Report
Report Date:
Lesson
The grant pre-conditions were an incentive for the government to reform state owned enterprise (SOE) governance and operation and improve management of government revenue, expenditure, assets, and liabilities. An ongoing ADB technical assistance (TA) was timely in supporting SOE reforms that preceded and continued after grant release.

Project Number: 47314-001
Project Name: Strengthening Fiscal Stability Program: Program Completion Report
Report Date:
Lesson
Project monitoring and reporting by the government were inadequate. ADB must ensure that mechanisms are in place for necessary data gathering and monitoring, and make sure that project covenants in this respect are complied with.

Project Number: 43110-013
Project Name: Emergency Flood Recovery (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB and the executing and implementing agencies must ensure that adequately skilled and experienced consultants are fielded to provide the inputs required for effective project design and implementation. The report and recommendation of the president (RRP) explicitly noted that adequate consultant support would be particularly important for disbursements based on experience in emergency assistance projects in the Pacific when design, contracting, and supervision expertise had been insufficient.

Project Number: 43110-013
Project Name: Emergency Flood Recovery (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB disaster response operations often involve executing and implementing agencies with capacity that is limited either inherently or due to the impacts of an emergency. This is particularly the case in countries such as Fiji where institutional capacity is often weak. The project inception report identified this as an issue facing the Ministry of Works, Transport, and Public Utilities (MWTPU), the main implementing agency for the project.

Project Number: 43110-013
Project Name: Emergency Flood Recovery (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Offsetting weakness in low bids. ADB's introduction of a stronger performance security requirement to the standard national competitive bidding (NCB) document for works after slow performance by the initial contractors proved effective in preventing similar problems in later subprojects. The new requirement weeded out bidders whose bids were too low to actually cover the costs of an adequate delivery of works.

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Issues caused by related urban development plans. The implementation of somesubprojects was delayed due to changes in the designs to be consistent with related urban development plans, followed by the contract variations made necessary by these redesigns. It also meant that the affected elements of the subprojects would have to be carried out only when the related urban development plans were to be implemented. Related urban development plans should have been fully considered when subprojects were designed.

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Incomplete external monitoring and evaluation of resettlement. The LPMOs committed during project preparation to pay independent agencies for external resettlement M&E but became reluctant to do so. As a result, the M&E reporting was less frequent than required. ADB should have financed the M&E with loan proceeds, to ensure the M&E to be carried out without relying on LPMOs' payments to the agencies. The two agencies should have provided the LPMOs with reports or feedback to establish close cooperation with them.

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Shortcomings in environmental management. The local environmental protection bureaus (LEPBs) should have been closely consulted during project preparation. ADB should have assessed the capacities of the LPMOs and LEPBs for programing and implementing environmental monitoring in more detail. ADB should have provided more regular guidance to the PPMO and conducted more frequent follow-ups regarding the implementation of the consolidated environmental management plan (CEMP) and the environmental management plans (EMPs).

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Inadequate support for project management. The design allowance for consultant inputs to support project management was inadequate. Adequate loan proceeds should have been earmarked for these services, considering the scale and complexity of the project and the capacities and experience of the provincial project management office (PPMO) and local project management offices (LPMOs).

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sector project implementation challenge. This sector project with 35 subprojects presented an implementation challenge, particularly for land acquisition and resettlement. This included the difficulties of preparing the resettlement plans of 27 noncore subprojects during project implementation and ensuring external monitoring and evaluation (M&E).

Project Number: 37641-013
Project Name: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Road safety programs in rural areas need continuous support to remain sustainable. In this respect, project-based interventions need to be designed more carefully with measures of strengthening beneficiary involvement included in the community- based road safety program to sustain its momentum even after project completion.

Project Number: 42358-013
Project Name: GMS - Cambodia Northwest Provincial Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Contractor Assessment. The project was affected by the unsatisfactory performance of two contractors and one supplier. Although such performance issues are usually observed in projects of similar nature, it is not simple to find a resolution through the bidding process or contract administration. Therefore, a well-planned performance monitoring system by the government linked to sanctioning of such entities may be a likely remedy.

Project Number: 42358-013
Project Name: GMS - Cambodia Northwest Provincial Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely Implementation of Resettlement Compensation. The timely implementation of resettlement (including at the CBF) was a risk identified at project appraisal. The project encountered delays in resettlement compensation due to slow disbursement of counterpart funds. Since delays in resettlement affect civil works implementation, measures to supplement counterpart funds, including the use of ADB loan proceeds for resettlement compensation, should be considered.

Project Number: 42358-013
Project Name: GMS - Cambodia Northwest Provincial Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Cross-Border Facilities (CBF) Rehabilitation. No CBF rehabilitation between Cambodia and Thailand included in past ADB-financed projects was implemented since the government failed to acquire land in a timely manner. Therefore, future subregional projects of similar nature need to assess the feasibility of land acquisition for CBF at the concept stage. Depending on the case, either the project should not be considered for ADB-financing or the government should ensure that land acquisition is completed before the fact-finding mission, as an advance action.

Project Number: 42358-013
Project Name: GMS - Cambodia Northwest Provincial Road Improvement Project
Report Date: