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Lesson
Land acquisition issues in PNG are more difficult to resolve than in other countries, as 97% of land is customarily owned. In this project, In this project, In this project, they were harder to contend with than expected at design stage due to changes in weather patterns that affected travel plans, with many of the sites located at sea. In a project as widely dispersed geographically as this one, more time will also have to be allowed for site access and community engagement activities.

Project Number: 44375-013
Project Name: Maritime and Waterways Safety Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong linkages between indicators across the different levels of the project result chain need to underpin project design and monitoring frameworks, The linkage between the project impact performance indicators of increased marine passengers and increased domestic and international freight volume was not a strong measure of success in this project; it should have been revised during project implementation.

Project Number: 44375-013
Project Name: Maritime and Waterways Safety Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Delayed and insufficient government counterpart funding disrupt and delay project implementation. Timely provision of counterpart funding to support relevant project activities, as required under the loan agreement, was not experienced in this project, necessitating changes in financing arrangements. Although ADB accommodated the changes, the lack of timely counterpart funding disrupted implementation and contributed to delays, cancellations, and loss of project benefits. Counterpart funding issues have a high potential to negatively impacts other similar projects in PNG.

Project Number: 44375-013
Project Name: Maritime and Waterways Safety Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Executing and implementing agencies need to find ways to sustain data collection and analysis throughout the project implementation phase to ensure high-quality M&E systems. Monitoring and evaluation was not completed before project closing because, at the critical late stage of implementation, the pandemic brought consultant services to a stop before they can be completed. Some baseline data were collected in 2015, but the function was not completed because of early implementation delays.

Project Number: 44375-013
Project Name: Maritime and Waterways Safety Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is critically important to conduct capacity assessments and provide comprehensive orientation sessions for implementing agencies( (IAs) at the outset of projects. This is particularly true for new IAs largely unfamiliar with donor policies and guidelines, which in this project, created challenges in aligning activities with established guidelines that in turn led to delays and issues with discrepancies in execution.

Project Number: 46416-002
Project Name: Power Transmission Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to tailor impact indicators to what the project can realistically achieve in relation to wider development goals. Two project impacts selected at inception—(i) an increase in per capita electricity consumption from 2,000 kWh (2013) to 3,000 (2023), and (ii) an increase in annual electricity supply from 6,300 GWh (2013) to 15,000 (2023) cannot be linked directly to an increase in substation capacity and SCADA expansion. As such, no reliable assessment can be made on the project's accomplishment relative to these indicators.

Project Number: 46416-002
Project Name: Power Transmission Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Lack of tariffs and insufficient operation and maintenance (O&M) budgets threaten the sustainability of water supply and sanitation facilities in FSM. The water supply and wastewater components are unlikely to be sustainable because of the unwillingness to charge for services, and the insufficiency of annual O&M budgets.

Project Number: 35448-013
Project Name: Omnibus Infrastructure Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-thought-out project communications plan, backed by local capacity building, is needed for the successful implementation of projects in FSM. Information is often not widely shared in the FSM, and securing support for reforms can be particularly complex in this context. The Chuuk Public Utilities Corporation was able to effectively carry out its communications and outreach activities and secure support for reforms with the help of a well-defined operation, maintenance, and management contract. Project delays affected the momentum of activities in the other three states.

Project Number: 35448-013
Project Name: Omnibus Infrastructure Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The ability of all participating utilities to successfully adopt and implement organizational changes to meet the project requirements should be assessed, with specialized external support in utility management provided as necessary.

Project Number: 35448-013
Project Name: Omnibus Infrastructure Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The risks posed by conditions for loan effectiveness and disbursements should be carefully assessed and considered in the project timeline. Project implementation was delayed by about 18 months as the conditions for loan effectiveness required the passage of appropriation bills in the National Congress and at least three of four state legislatures. Such projects can provide the required pressure for positive legal changes but can lead to startup delays.

Project Number: 35448-013
Project Name: Omnibus Infrastructure Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A narrow sector and geographic focus is more suitable for projects in the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). In FSM, multistate and multisector projects bring added complexity and interdependence between institutions that do not otherwise have incentives to support each other. Future projects should consider a narrower focus in terms of sector and geographic scope, allowing for less dispersed efforts on physical and nonphysical project targets. This approach has been adopted for the ongoing Chuuk Water Supply and Sanitation Project.

Project Number: 35448-013
Project Name: Omnibus Infrastructure Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Timelines for policy changes and major reforms should also be realistic, knowing that building understanding and ownership can take time and the passage of legislation can be a lengthy process. Two municipalities declined to participate in the project because of their objection to the transfer of ownership and management of assets to a state government agency.

Project Number: 35448-013
Project Name: Omnibus Infrastructure Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The political economy of the country as well as of the local areas where projects are to be sited needs to be thoroughly understood and considered in the design of projects. The project assumptions that institutional and financial reforms would be adopted within a reasonable time frame and that demand for the improved water supply services could be established in Kosrae state proved false. Project preparation could have supported a more thorough understanding of the political economy, and the scope based on a stronger rationale and expressed demand.

Project Number: 35448-013
Project Name: Omnibus Infrastructure Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Close consultation with stakeholders during project design and implementation is especially needed to address the difficulties commonly arising from finding appropriate sites for solid waste and medical waste management facilities in urban projects. Due to lack of land and higher costs of construction than estimated at appraisal, it was not possible to construct the integrated waste treatment facilities, slaughterhouses, and medical waste management facilities planned under this program. These components were eventually dropped.

Project Number: 39305-013
Project Name: Urban Public and Environmental Health Sector Development Program 
Report Date:
Lesson
Overall project success depends to a large extent on the successful implementation of risk mitigation measures carefully identified at appraisal. Weak institutional arrangements and lack of ownership saddled the implementation of this program. A lack of capacity and coordination among different agencies compounded the difficulties. The difficulties could have been minimized or avoided through the timely implementation of risk mitigation measures drawn at appraisal. The measures should be based on a thorough assessment of all potential risks throughout the project period.

Project Number: 39305-013
Project Name: Urban Public and Environmental Health Sector Development Program 
Report Date: