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Lesson
Land acquisition issues in PNG are more difficult to resolve than in other countries, as 97% of land is customarily owned. In this project, In this project, In this project, they were harder to contend with than expected at design stage due to changes in weather patterns that affected travel plans, with many of the sites located at sea. In a project as widely dispersed geographically as this one, more time will also have to be allowed for site access and community engagement activities.

Project Number: 44375-013
Project Name: Maritime and Waterways Safety Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong linkages between indicators across the different levels of the project result chain need to underpin project design and monitoring frameworks, The linkage between the project impact performance indicators of increased marine passengers and increased domestic and international freight volume was not a strong measure of success in this project; it should have been revised during project implementation.

Project Number: 44375-013
Project Name: Maritime and Waterways Safety Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Delayed and insufficient government counterpart funding disrupt and delay project implementation. Timely provision of counterpart funding to support relevant project activities, as required under the loan agreement, was not experienced in this project, necessitating changes in financing arrangements. Although ADB accommodated the changes, the lack of timely counterpart funding disrupted implementation and contributed to delays, cancellations, and loss of project benefits. Counterpart funding issues have a high potential to negatively impacts other similar projects in PNG.

Project Number: 44375-013
Project Name: Maritime and Waterways Safety Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Executing and implementing agencies need to find ways to sustain data collection and analysis throughout the project implementation phase to ensure high-quality M&E systems. Monitoring and evaluation was not completed before project closing because, at the critical late stage of implementation, the pandemic brought consultant services to a stop before they can be completed. Some baseline data were collected in 2015, but the function was not completed because of early implementation delays.

Project Number: 44375-013
Project Name: Maritime and Waterways Safety Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Construction timelines in climate-affected areas need to be reliably assessed to minimize completion delays. The construction timelines for Karamyk BCP, located at altitude of 2,300 meters above sea level, were tight. The contractor faced various issues due to the harsh weather, electricity supply interruptions, and delays with the supply of materials and equipment. Combined with the contractor’s relatively low financial capacity, this resulted in a 4-year construction period versus the originally planned 15-month implementation timeline.

Project Number: 46124-001
Project Name: Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Regional Improvement of Border Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Border crossing points (BCPs) will risk becoming stranded assets in the face of border disputes and other related issues. BCPs completed under the project have remained closed for traffic since April 2021 following a border dispute between the Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan. By May 2024, around 10% of the border line with total estimated length of 970 kilometers remained to be delimitated. The countries are determined to complete the process and sign a border agreement within 2024. Until the delimitation is completed, the potential traffic volumes across the borders will remain unknown.

Project Number: 46124-001
Project Name: Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Regional Improvement of Border Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Trade facilitation reforms and national single window (NSW) development are complex undertakings requiring much time to be completed. This project's timelines were very ambitious with regard to the NSW component given that it required institutional and regulatory reforms; business process reengineering across multiple government agencies; as well as design, development, and integration of the SWIS.

Project Number: 46124-001
Project Name: Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Regional Improvement of Border Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a project management unit (PMU) with adequate dedicated full-time qualified staff and decision-making authority militates against the successful implementation of projects.

Project Number: 49419-002
Project Name: Solar Rooftop Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
The lack of organizational capacity and requisite implementation skills also weighs heavily against the attainment of project objectives. Another major reason for poor performance of the PNB was its inability to scale up individual subloans through either the Renewable Energy Services Company (RESCO) or demand aggregation of smaller subprojects, be they in the commercial and industrial sector, MSME, or residential sector.

Project Number: 49419-002
Project Name: Solar Rooftop Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
A centralized and unified real-time web portal expedites the execution of all project processing and decision-making pocedures, and is an invaluable asset to the successful implementation in this day and age. The lack of coordination among various branches across the different zones of India hampered the operations of the tranche 1 project. A beta version of a unified central web portal for the entire investment program that was put in place was not able to minimize the operational hurdles faced by PNB, due to the lack of institutionalization across all branches.

Project Number: 49419-002
Project Name: Solar Rooftop Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Customizing the terms of reference of auditors to project requirements and ensuring that they are properly oriented on these requirements are critical to promoting project compliance with ADB financial management procedures. There were gaps in complying with the financial management conditions of the loan agreement, including the need to timely submit audit reports and auditor’s management letters and opinions.

Project Number: 49419-002
Project Name: Solar Rooftop Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Stringent due diligence based on guidelines on the selection of the implementing agency and/or borrower does not ensure successful project implementation. The investment program, given the available multitranche financing facility, could have opened opportunities for other potential qualified banks with stronger experience in solar rooftop onlending, instead of focusing on a single borrower.

Project Number: 49419-002
Project Name: Solar Rooftop Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Budget allocations and actual expenditures to continually achieve project objectives are an indication of its sustainability. As there was a general lack of a strong legal framework or related reform to support the sustainability of the project, ADB should have used information on budget allocations and actual expenditure for the higher education sector after project implementation to more substantially confirm the sustainability of the project’s results.

Project Number: 43007-023
Project Name: Higher Education Reform Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to include in the design and monitoring framework (DMF) the extent to which capacity-building activities improve trainees' perception of their capacity to perform project-related tasks to gauge the effectiveness of such activities. Most project activities were capacity building. However, DMF targets measuring capacity-building activities were limited to the number of trainees reached which was purely informational for project accountability.

Project Number: 43007-023
Project Name: Higher Education Reform Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Changes in scope could cause a lack of alignment between outcomes and outputs in the project’s results chain. The outcome target indicator for the increased number of disadvantaged students enrolled in HEIs was not linked to the output activity and indicator that the project design intended. By associating an outcome target with a potential output activity that can contribute to its achievement, project implementation activities would be purposeful.

Project Number: 43007-023
Project Name: Higher Education Reform Project
Report Date: