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Lesson
Timely and appropriate changes in scope enhance program success.

Project Number: 41116-013, 41116-043
Project Name: Jammu and Kashmir Urban Sector Development Investment Program (Project 3 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
For monitoring MFF, a well-designed DMF provides guidance for each tranche where deliverables with clear milestones can easily be cascaded to the envisioned tranches. Then, any implementation issue, requiring changes in scope, can be properly monitored and their impact to the overall delivery can be easily assessed.

Project Number: 41116-013, 41116-043
Project Name: Jammu and Kashmir Urban Sector Development Investment Program (Project 3 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
The technical and advisory support of ADB is important to assist executing agency re-assess the feasibility of the original scope of the MFF and make the necessary adjustment, as well in the ongoing and future tranches.

Project Number: 41116-013, 41116-043
Project Name: Jammu and Kashmir Urban Sector Development Investment Program (Project 3 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
For infrastructure investments, establishing contractual provisions on contractor's performance, such as mobilization, staffing, and deployment of equipment and funds strengthen project implementation.

Project Number: 41116-013, 41116-043
Project Name: Jammu and Kashmir Urban Sector Development Investment Program (Project 3 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Risk mitigation strategies and sufficient contingent plans need to be prepared at the outset to improve timely delivery of outputs and project effectiveness.

Project Number: 41116-033
Project Name: Jammu and Kashmir Urban Sector Development Investment Program (Project 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Project impacts on vulnerable groups need focused attention. . The IEE had some shortcomings in identifying the project’s impacts on vulnerable groups in the project areas. Visually impaired people living in the area were to be affected by noise generated from the road layout. As a result, the project required a new round of consultations with visually impaired affected persons whose specific vulnerabilities and needs had not been factored into project design. In addition, more precise measurement of vibration impact on buildings occupied by affected persons needed to be developed.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Meaningful targeted consultation is essential in ensuring that project-affected people’s needs are heard and addressed in project design and implementation and reduces the likelihood of an escalation of grievances and, consequently, of project costs. The public consultation approach proved inadequate in generating a full picture of potential project impacts. A house-to-house needs assessment and the conduct of focused group discussions could have provided deeper insights and more valuable inputs from the visually impaired affected persons.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Independent technical studies are useful in addressing project-related grievances. The executing agency, in collaboration with ADB, determined that specific studies, including noise and vibration studies, had to be completed before proposing solutions to address the concerns of the complainants. While the proposed RAP was not accepted by the complainants, the technical studies proved useful in establishing the deficiencies of the IEE and could be built upon in addressing issues of similar nature.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
The design and monitoring framework (DMF) needs to be carefully formulated to adequately measure project achievements. The DMF contained indicators that were not entirely attributable to the project. The assumptions and data source behind the quantitative baselines and targets for several indicators were also not clearly explained. These weaknesses need to be addressed in future projects.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Robust project baseline data is needed to adequately assess complex projects with significant potential environmental and social impacts. In this project, baseline data on noise, vibration, vulnerable affected people, and river ecology were collected in accordance with contracts, applicable laws, regulations, and policies. This proved insufficient and led to questionable results particularly with the regard to the impact of vibration in several project-affected buildings. For future projects, more detailed studies and additional assessments need to be carried out.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects could fail because of faulty impact assessments. The initial environmental examination (IEE) approved by ADB had to be revised as road vibration and noise impacts needed to be studied further. While public consultations were conducted, these did not generate enough buy-in from some of the stakeholders who raised formal complaints. Local people outside the project’s original area of influence opposed project implementation as well as the proposed remedial action plan (RAP), due to which the project could not be carried out within the original timeframe.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Bidding documents should incorporate specific provisions requiring permanent local representative from foreign contractors to avoid construction delays. The performance of the contractors for the Birgunj ISWM and the Kavre Valley Water Supply Subproject was unsatisfactory in part because they had no local representative.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Continuity of services of experienced project staff is essential. The project director and account officer positions at the project coordination office experienced high turnover, which affected overall performance, including of project financial management, as evidenced by the outstanding recurring audit issues and multiple delayed submissions.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate stakeholder consultations, conducted at all project stages, are essential to building consensus and preventing tensions and disagreements from negatively affecting implementation.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects require an in-depth assessment of ownership and use of land. Procurement for the Butwal auto village subprojects (AVS) was severely delayed by land ownership issues. The automobile enterprises were located on land leased from the municipality intended only for establishment of automobile enterprises, but the entrepreneurs used the land for business and residential purposes. These entrepreneurs were skeptical that their existing land uses could continue if they entered into a public-private partnership agreement, and thus protested the AVS.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date: