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Lesson
A well-designed project performance management system (PPMS) from the outset can enhance the quality of economic analyses. This system facilitates the systematic collection of data on project benefits and pertinent metrics, enabling the monitoring of project performance until completion. Specifically, monitoring the project's progress, identifying areas for improvement, and collecting socioeconomic data through a PPMS, could all help establish a comprehensive assessment of a project’s development results and improve the quality of economic analysis.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The development of a regulatory framework alongside the preparation of a project’s technical design could help enhance the autonomy and sustainability of water utilities. This, in turn, could lead to improved service delivery and better maintenance of project assets. Such a framework could include mechanisms for independent oversight and regulation of water utilities' operations and performance, as well as the provision of clear guidelines and policies for tariff setting and cost recovery, among other aspects.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
An institutional analysis undertaken during appraisal phase helps provide an assessment of the technical capacity of concerned institutions as this is essential in ensuring smooth project implementation activities. Such analysis could include a political-economy assessment that could help strengthen project preparation activities, especially in assessing possible changes to policies and government priorities.

Project Number: 39256-023, 39256-024
Project Name: Urban Transport Development Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility andTranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
The provision of technical assistance to support the project preparatory stage and capacity of the executing and implementing agencies enhances the quality of project administration. For example, building the capacity skill set of agencies on financial and procurement management prior to the onset of a project would benefit the timely execution of procurement activities and civil works. This helps in reducing any potential risk that could arise because of delayed start-up and/or implementation.

Project Number: 44240-014
Project Name: Thimphu Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The development of a firm sector investment plan supports successful project implementation. The sector plan, covering the short-, medium- and long-term horizons, helps avoid overlaps of projects that may result in scope changes which could adversely affect the project implementation timeline, funding and cost, and loan utilization. Such an investment plan commits the government to a definite set of projects in the sector that allows for a stable implementation of social and environmental safeguards.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Sufficient and careful risk assessment during the project’s appraisal phase is critical to mitigating any implementation risk since any potential change could hamper the project’s envisaged outcome.

Project Number: 42414-023
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
As school graduates compete for employment opportunities with students from other states in India, it is the comparative quality of education that determines their access to jobs and likely benefits from the project investments. Hence, focus on education quality should be a requisite in designing similar projects.

Project Number: 46166-001
Project Name: Supporting Human Capital Development in Meghalaya
Report Date:
Lesson
The significant reduction in the amount of the ADB loan and the program cost with the withdrawal of Goa from tranche 1 and Maharashtra from tranche 2 is reflective of the quality of the work undertaken during the feasibility study stage. Better due diligence and a more rigorous review of the proposals are needed in future multitranche financing facility programs and projects so that similar major changes will not occur at such a late stage in program preparation.

Project Number: 40156-013, 40156-033
Project Name: Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility and Tranche 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
A more comprehensive analysis of the road network is crucial to better understand the need for road improvements in given road corridors e.g., surface upgrades, widening, and new roads. While for consistency the project completion report replicated the methodology used during project appraisal, it is observed that traffic forecasts were based solely on economic growth projection of the gross domestic product, and the elasticity of traffic by vehicle type is not justified.

Project Number: 43574-025
Project Name: Uttar Pradesh Major District Roads Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The attraction of the private sector in Karnataka and Maharashtra to the program was minimal and they showed no real interest to invest or be involved. More emphasis should be placed in future programs on incentives and measures that better attract private sector involvement and investment.

Project Number: 40156-013, 40156-033
Project Name: Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility and Tranche 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
A proper evaluation and approval process during project implementation can reduce noncompliance issues during the safeguard assessment. Updates to safeguard documents need to be timely completed to avoid implementataio disruptions. For example, the government land considered during project design for the construction of a substation had to be changed to private land. However, the resettlement plan was not updated.

Project Number: 47101-003
Project Name: Assam Power Sector Investment Program (Tranche 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The concept of level 2 design introduced under the Road Project Preparatory Facility is an effective strategy, particularly when there is no guarantee that the designed roads will be constructed immediately after preparation. This strategy minimizes the risk of outdated designs while saving time and other resources.

Project Number: 42254-013
Project Name: Northern Road Connectivity Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Discussion on investments in the Madhya Pradesh power sector can complement other programs of the Government of India and Government of Madhya Pradesh. Even after providing over $1.5 billion, it is unclear if the Madhya Pradesh Power Transmission Company Limited and the discoms would be able to meet future demand growth without ADB support.

Project Number: 47100-004
Project Name: Madhya Pradesh Power Transmission and Distribution System Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
When a project provides substantial climate mitigation and environmental benefits, a project economist with strong background and experience in environmental valuation method can undertake the project economic analysis at appraisal. Usually, energy efficiency improvement projects have very low pay back periods and high economic internal rate of return. ADB should investigate the ways in which it can formalize the use of carbon prices in energy efficiency project economic analysis.

Project Number: 47051-002
Project Name: Chemical Industry Energy Efficiency and Emission Reduction Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Identifying measures implemented by distribution companies (discoms) to eliminate commercial losses is a key sustainability issue. Data indicates that Discom-W is successful so key success factors can be transferred to the other discoms.

Project Number: 47100-004
Project Name: Madhya Pradesh Power Transmission and Distribution System Improvement Project
Report Date: