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Lesson
Land acquisition issues in PNG are more difficult to resolve than in other countries, as 97% of land is customarily owned. In this project, In this project, In this project, they were harder to contend with than expected at design stage due to changes in weather patterns that affected travel plans, with many of the sites located at sea. In a project as widely dispersed geographically as this one, more time will also have to be allowed for site access and community engagement activities.

Project Number: 44375-013
Project Name: Maritime and Waterways Safety Project
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Lesson
Urban land acquisition in densely populated areas poses significant challenges. Compensation rates may rise during implementation, driven by urbanization rather than project schedules, potentially causing delays beyond the control of the project. Aligning civil engineering procurement with land acquisition progress is essential to prevent contractual disputes. Close collaboration, clear milestones, and effective communication mitigate risks. Establishing a resettlement information system aids in early issue identification, maintaining transparency.

Project Number: 45022-002
Project Name: Jiangxi Ji'an Sustainable Urban Transport Project
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Lesson
It is important to thoroughly discuss and plan project implementation arrangements to ensure the use of the most appropriate and effective modalities. This could have mitigated initial delays and improved the efficiency from the outset of this TA that overall was well-articulated in terms of scope and the design and monitoring framework.

Project Number: 52060-001
Project Name: Building Resilience in the Pacific Small Island Developing States
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Lesson
Based on the experience from this TA, comprehensive contingency plans need to be in place to address potential disruptions or changes in future energy projects. These plans should account for geopolitical, economic, and environmental factors. Moreover, it is important to encourage diversification of energy sources to reduce reliance on a single resource. Exploring renewable energy options, such as solar, wind, and hydropower, to enhance the resilience of energy projects and prioritizing sustainability in all energy projects are particularly important in this regard.

Project Number: 44184-012
Project Name: Afghanistan and Turkmenistan: Regional Power Interconnection Project
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Lesson
The three-step approach of feasibility studies, detailed engineering design, and ensuing project through separate and sequential financing modalities helps in country partnership strategy, programming dialogue, and long-term engagement. The TA has proven this approach to be effective in achieving technical, safeguards, procurement, and implementation readiness in the ensuing project.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
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Lesson
Project readiness and advance contractung and retroactive financing facilitate successful and timely project completion. Project readiness—in terms of technical, financial, and safeguards readiness—was effectively undertaken, thereby facilitating smooth project implementation. The use of advance contracting and retroactive financing likewise helped enable the completion of all project activities by the original loan closing date.

Project Number: 47047-002
Project Name: Shandong Groundwater Protection Project
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Lesson
Results-based lending (RBL) is well suited if it is embedded in a wider government-owned and led program. It can be an effective modality for achieving both physical outputs and nonphysical goals. It can also make changes in national policies that go beyond the project’s physical scope. The climate risk assessments, procurement processes, and beneficiary selection criteria used in this program were also applied in non-ADB financed provinces. The instructions issued and policies adopted by the government were “national”in nature and impact.

Project Number: 50022-002
Project Name: Affordable Rural Housing Program
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Lesson
The borrower is not obligated to request disbursement of the full amount related to the fulfillment of any disbursement-linked indicator (DLI). Accordingly, ADB disbursement projections can be overly optimistic. This point should be considered in future revisions of RBL policies.

Project Number: 50022-002
Project Name: Affordable Rural Housing Program
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Lesson
ADB’s participation in a country-driven program, by bringing knowledge and experience in addition to financing, catalyzes interest and cofinancing from other development agencies. This program was a critical element for enhancing the entire ecosystem of housing financing and mortgage market, helping lay thegroundwork for diversified funding and private sector involvement.

Project Number: 50022-002
Project Name: Affordable Rural Housing Program
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Lesson
The programmatic approach taken in the TA—including upstream policy reforms, midstream transaction advisory support, and downstream funding support—along with the One ADB collaboration model for energy transition, has been well-recognized and is being replicated in other developing member countries. This type of TA is instrumental in supporting the government during times of significant changes. The analytical studies in support of policy dialogues and reform measures have been critical in firming up ADB’s leading role in the sector and in leveraging reforms through investments.

Project Number: 52322-002
Project Name: Preparing Sustainable Energy Investment Projects
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Lesson
By advancing sector reforms, a facility TA, which involves multiple subprojects running concurrently within one framework, can address the risk of losing consistency or coherence among the subprojects. By setting a general policy priority and road map for sector development, the TA will be able to effectively bring its subprojects onto a common path/direction.

Project Number: 52322-002
Project Name: Preparing Sustainable Energy Investment Projects
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Lesson
Programmatic approaches are an appropriate and effective means to address technically challenging development problems that require long gestation periods. In this case, the government piloted and launched a highly effective program to improve the prospects of young and disadvantaged job seekers, and strengthened several existing labor market activation programs as part of a broader education reform agenda. This process covered more than 6 years and the large technical assistance (TA) grants the program attracted were instrumental to its success.

Project Number: 49117-002, 49117-003, 49117-004
Project Name: Facilitating Youth School-to-Work Transition Program (Subprograms 1, 2, and 3)
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Lesson
Coordinated use of TA is essential to support policy based lending, as this modality on its own is not well positioned to develop or deploy needed capacity. The TA grants funded by the Government of Canada provided the hands-on support necessary to develop policy and operating systems, which was followed by the program to provide the leverage to support the actual rollout of the JobStart Philippines Program (JSP).

Project Number: 49117-002, 49117-003, 49117-004
Project Name: Facilitating Youth School-to-Work Transition Program (Subprograms 1, 2, and 3)
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Lesson
To avoid and minimize adverse project impact, engineering and social safeguard teams need to work closely to ensure land acquisition and compensation are in line with the approved detailed engineering designs.

Project Number: 46293-003
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Tourism Infrastructure for Inclusive Growth Project
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Lesson
ADB has become more proactive in handling crises and providing support to its developing member countries (DMCs) by delivering emergency assistance. The process has been defined further after the COVID-19 pandemic, allowing DMC governments to access and implement emergency programs smoothly and ADB to provide resources more effectively and efficiently.

Project Number: 56147-001
Project Name: Building Resilience with Active Countercyclical Expenditures Program
Report Date: