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Lesson
Wider consultation with stakeholders is critical for preparing the project. The TA held consultations with two types of stakeholders: primary and secondary. The primary stakeholders were the initial stakeholders, such as displaced persons, public, and women who resided within or in the vicinity of the project areas. The public consultation comprised the local community and public.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Frequent walk-throughs of preparatory work undertaken under transaction TA facilitate stakeholder understanding and uptake of the ensuing project. The TA conducted several capacity building activities, and dissemination of analyses and results from reports for the ensuing project. For transaction TA, frequent walk-throughs of preparatory work among key stakeholders are particularly important in facilitating stakeholder support for the ensuing project.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Frequent review missions are crucial to overcoming implementation challenges. The TA was administered by staff located in head office with good support from the Pakistan Resident Mission. However, ADB staff assignment changed during the TA implementation period; and the limitations and delays caused by the COVID-19 pandemic induced challenges to consultant management and client interaction. Frequent review missions significantly helped address these challenges.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Additional budget and time could be instrumental in successful project implementation. The major factor for the successful outputs was the provision of additional budget and time for improving and completing the feasibility studies despite delays during TA implementation. Additional TA financing helped in improving the feasibility assessments which were deemed essential before committing the detail design resources.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The three-step approach of feasibility studies, detailed engineering design, and ensuing project through separate and sequential financing modalities helps in country partnership strategy, programming dialogue, and long-term engagement. The TA has proven this approach to be effective in achieving technical, safeguards, procurement, and implementation readiness in the ensuing project.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Additional financing and outsourcing complex tasks to specialized entities support successful TA implementation. ADB hired the World Wide Fund for Nature-Pakistan to conduct the ecological baseline survey. The TA secured financing of $300,000 on a grant basis from the Netherlands Trust Fund under the Water Financing Partnership Facility. The fund supported the conduct of feasibility studies for a main canal subproject. Without this fund, the feasibility studies would not have been completed.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Extensions in project implementation period provide opportunities not only to fully achieve but also enhance project results. In this case, the agreement on TA extension was premised not only on overcoming delays due to COVID-19 but also to facilitate additional safeguards and technical studies which provided better upstream guidance to the detailed design phase of the ensuing project the TA supported.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For a TA to enhance governance and financial management, close engagement with the DMCs’ institutions is critical for timely realizing the outputs and results.

Project Number: 52113-001
Project Name: Strengthening Financial Management in Asia and the Pacific, Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Professional accounting organizations are reliable partners in initiatives to enhance the financial management capacity of DMCs. This TA benefited from an extensive network of partners from the DMCs and various Professional Accounting Organizations. This collaboration facilitated the gathering of substantive inputs localizing best international practices in auditor quality assurance programs, thereby improving the quality of the TA deliverables.

Project Number: 52113-001
Project Name: Strengthening Financial Management in Asia and the Pacific, Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Broad stakeholder engagement, though time-consuming, is crucial. It enhances the quality and sustainability of outcomes by incorporating diverse insights and ensuring comprehensive solutions. This approach builds stakeholder buy-in, leverages additional resources, and fosters strong relationships, facilitating smoother project execution and promoting future cooperation, ultimately investing in time as a worthwhile endeavor for long-term success.

Project Number: 52113-001
Project Name: Strengthening Financial Management in Asia and the Pacific, Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
EAs/IAs and supreme audit institutions (SAIs) have expressed a substantial demand for capacity development initiatives focused on financial reporting and auditing practices. Increased and more frequent collaborative engagement with SAIs and private auditing firms would facilitate the prioritization of limited TA resources, allowing them to be strategically allocated to address the most critical capacity gaps. EAs/IAs staff training need to continuously focus on timely financial reporting and audit and comprehensive coverage of all project expenditures until financial closing.

Project Number: 52113-001
Project Name: Strengthening Financial Management in Asia and the Pacific, Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Long-term sustainability is critical for quality assurance programs to have a lasting and meaningful impact. This needs to be considered in the design of future similar TA, learning from this TA's experience. The TA's limited implementation period contrasts with private auditor quality assurance programsm which are regular, continuous, and long-term and require methodological and financial support to sustain momentum and achieve meaningful results.

Project Number: 52113-001
Project Name: Strengthening Financial Management in Asia and the Pacific, Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a financial cost-benefit evaluation for the toll revenue-generating motorway is a methodological weakness. The project completion report (PCR) did not explain why it did not conduct a financial cost-benefit evaluation for the toll revenue-generating motorway. This validation notes that the RRP too did not conduct such evaluation.

Project Number: 48402-001, 48402-002
Project Name: National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project and National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot–Khanewal Section Project - Additional Financing
Report Date:
Lesson
Due diligence for future projects should include developing a thorough understanding of the institutional setup and internal review and approval procedures as well as mapping out effective mitigation measures to minimize delays. This project's implementation was affected by cumbersome approval mechanisms at the executing agency (EA) headquarters for contract variations and extensions. Frequent interventions by ADB and EA top management were required to expedite decision-making.

Project Number: 48402-001, 48402-002
Project Name: National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project and National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot–Khanewal Section Project - Additional Financing
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely and appropriate changes in scope and reallocation of loan and grant proceeds responding to actual project needs emerging from implementation can help utilize available loan and grant resources in a more targeted and efficient manner to facilitate more activities and deliver more outputs. For example, responding to the government’s request relating to E35 contributed directly to developing an efficient and safer transport corridor between Islamabad, Faisalabad, and Multan for more connectivity between the various parts of the country.

Project Number: 48402-001, 48402-002
Project Name: National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project and National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot–Khanewal Section Project - Additional Financing
Report Date: