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Lesson
Effective and efficient implementation of large-scale land acquisition and resettlement activities depends on strong political will and commitment at all levels of government. An executing agency needs to be proactive and initiate close working relationship with local authorities to resolve identified issues on the ground. ADB needs to be kept well informed of major issues. Prior approvals need to be sought from ADB based on established procedures.

Project Number: 41414-043
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Ben Luc –Long Thanh Expressway Project – Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Performing adequate due diligence at appraisal is important to develop a realistic implementation plan and timeframe, considering borrower's and executing agency's capacity across institutional, financial, and operational aspects. Identifying and implementing risk mitigation measures and giving adequate early support is crucial in minimizing delays.

Project Number: 41414-043
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Ben Luc –Long Thanh Expressway Project – Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
The government’s commitment and ownership strengthen the project’s credibility. Providing timely response and adequate support from start-up to completion are critical in overcoming the implementation difficulties in various occasions. For instance, the PMO’s leadership could have helped ensurethat assistance was provided on time to implementing agencies. This, in turn, would help in easing delays in the procurement activities and implementation of subprojects.

Project Number: 42383-023
Project Name: Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A project’s medium-term review (MTR provides an opportunity to reassess and modify a project’s DMF, in terms of realistic performance targets, configuration of components and/or outputs, subprojects’ selection, and timeframe of implementation. Project team could strive to review all project’s aspects during an MTR in addition to focusing on project administration and changes in scope.

Project Number: 42383-023
Project Name: Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Requiring project performance management system (PPMS) for all urban development-type projects would help enhance the valuation of economic and financial benefits.

Project Number: 45023-002
Project Name: Hubei-Yichang Sustainable Urban Transport Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A systematic benefit analysis appropriately captures and values the diverse benefits from the project investment. Identification, quantification, and valuation of economic and financial benefits are a complex process for urban development projects, and EIRRs and FIRRs are crucially dependent on sound measurement of these benefits.

Project Number: 45023-002
Project Name: Hubei-Yichang Sustainable Urban Transport Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Appropriate formulation of DMF facilitates accurate measurement of project performance and achievements. A clear alignment of data and logical framework on performance targets and indicators conforming to each subproject provides a correct measurement on project’s intended results and overall impact. All impact indicators were focused on Anning, but available data were for either Gansu province or Lanzhou, making it difficult to measure these indicators as required.

Project Number: 40625-013
Project Name: Lanzhou Sustainable Urban Transport Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The retention of implementing agency and staff until project completion enables timely and smooth implementation of project through continuous staff expertise support and institutional knowledge. If a change of implementing agency is necessary, transition needs to be during a non-critical project implementation period. In this project, the change in implementing agency happened during the critical period when land acquisition, resettlement negotiations, and relocations of underground oil pipeline.

Project Number: 40625-013
Project Name: Lanzhou Sustainable Urban Transport Project
Report Date:
Lesson
More time needs to be allotted for loan effectiveness if there are institutional changes to be made and implemented. The 90 days provided was insufficient when government bureaucracy requires review and approval up to the highest levels.

Project Number: 35049-023, 35049-033, 35049-012
Project Name: Padma Multipurpose Bridge Design Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensuring the availability of adequate project funding through firm financial commitment from project stakeholders at the onset of project appraisal is important in mitigating possible delays and risks. This helps to ensure adequate funding for detailed engineering design and other related projectpreparatory activities.

Project Number: 35049-023, 35049-033, 35049-012
Project Name: Padma Multipurpose Bridge Design Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Rigorous assessments on the costs of project design and feasibility studies during project preparation can help avoid design inconsistencies and scope changes. A more careful assessment in identifying all project components (e.g., surveys and studies) and procurement costs (e.g., civil works and consultancy services), including appropriate cost contingencies, are crucial in ensuring that project expenditures are consistent with the financial plans, budget, and project activities.

Project Number: 35049-023, 35049-033, 35049-012
Project Name: Padma Multipurpose Bridge Design Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sustained efforts in providing adequate oversight and coordination between the government and concerned development partners are crucial for the timely implementation of a project. In particular, active and regular engagement among the stakeholders enhance monitoring and supervision of activities. This facilitates timely decision-making and helps minimize implementation issues.

Project Number: 45067-005
Project Name: Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor 6 (Marakand–Karshi) Railway Electrification Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Accurate estimates of technical parameters, indicators, and an improved demand analysis allow a more robust assessment of the project’s economic viability and development impact. Obtaining reliable existing traffic data along with developing sound traffic demand forecast volume would facilitate securing some of the key inputs required for the related efforts. It would also be beneficial to ascertain diverted and newly generated traffic volume including the identification of anticipated demand-shifting factors.

Project Number: 45067-005
Project Name: Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor 6 (Marakand–Karshi) Railway Electrification Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Extensive consultations are critical for identifying and addressing unforeseeable issues emerging from project implementation. By being responsive and flexible, potential duplication of project works can be avoided, and synergy between ADB and other development partners with shared interestscan be created to harmonize the support and maximize the benefits for the target borrower. As in this case, the project adjusted its scope of RAMS development because of the World Bank project approved in March 2015.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to perform an adequate due diligence at appraisal to develop a realistic project schedule that duly considers the borrower's institutional setup and internal review and approval procedures, and the executing agency's existing capacity and prior experience in implementing ADB projects. Identifying and implementing risk mitigation measures and providing early implementation support are crucial in minimizing initial delays and facilitating timely implementation progress.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Report Date: