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Lesson
Extensions in project implementation period provide opportunities not only to fully achieve but also enhance project results. In this case, the agreement on TA extension was premised not only on overcoming delays due to COVID-19 but also to facilitate additional safeguards and technical studies which provided better upstream guidance to the detailed design phase of the ensuing project the TA supported.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Wider consultation with stakeholders is critical for preparing the project. The TA held consultations with two types of stakeholders: primary and secondary. The primary stakeholders were the initial stakeholders, such as displaced persons, public, and women who resided within or in the vicinity of the project areas. The public consultation comprised the local community and public.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Frequent walk-throughs of preparatory work undertaken under transaction TA facilitate stakeholder understanding and uptake of the ensuing project. The TA conducted several capacity building activities, and dissemination of analyses and results from reports for the ensuing project. For transaction TA, frequent walk-throughs of preparatory work among key stakeholders are particularly important in facilitating stakeholder support for the ensuing project.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Frequent review missions are crucial to overcoming implementation challenges. The TA was administered by staff located in head office with good support from the Pakistan Resident Mission. However, ADB staff assignment changed during the TA implementation period; and the limitations and delays caused by the COVID-19 pandemic induced challenges to consultant management and client interaction. Frequent review missions significantly helped address these challenges.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Additional budget and time could be instrumental in successful project implementation. The major factor for the successful outputs was the provision of additional budget and time for improving and completing the feasibility studies despite delays during TA implementation. Additional TA financing helped in improving the feasibility assessments which were deemed essential before committing the detail design resources.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The three-step approach of feasibility studies, detailed engineering design, and ensuing project through separate and sequential financing modalities helps in country partnership strategy, programming dialogue, and long-term engagement. The TA has proven this approach to be effective in achieving technical, safeguards, procurement, and implementation readiness in the ensuing project.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Additional financing and outsourcing complex tasks to specialized entities support successful TA implementation. ADB hired the World Wide Fund for Nature-Pakistan to conduct the ecological baseline survey. The TA secured financing of $300,000 on a grant basis from the Netherlands Trust Fund under the Water Financing Partnership Facility. The fund supported the conduct of feasibility studies for a main canal subproject. Without this fund, the feasibility studies would not have been completed.

Project Number: 51249-003
Project Name: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Water Resources Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Well-defined targets for design and monitoring (DMF) indicators along with formulation of appropriate indicators’ baseline year and target values per year strengthen project design. A statement of percentage growth does not allow for a proper measurement of achievement. For example, the project DMF stated that at least 90% of selected flood protection and irrigation structures reconstructed and made more resilient by 2018”. However, it did not state the baseline and target values of the corresponding indicators and were not measurable.

Project Number: 49038-001
Project Name: Flood Emergency Reconstruction and Resilience Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The use of build-back-better technologies with climate resiliency determined at project design such as sheet piling increase the service life of the infrastructure, even if this increases the project costs. Prior to implementation, the subproject’s economic analysis needs to explore and evaluate alternative technologies under a build-back-better objective.

Project Number: 49038-001
Project Name: Flood Emergency Reconstruction and Resilience Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Levying tolls on major roads and ring-fencing maintenance funds can foster sustainability up to the designed life of the project roads.

Project Number: 49038-001
Project Name: Flood Emergency Reconstruction and Resilience Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Women’s participation adds significant value to projects and is critical to their success.

Project Number: 49038-001
Project Name: Flood Emergency Reconstruction and Resilience Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is critical for ADB to negotiate with the governments the streamlining of emergency assistance procedures to fast track the implementation of emergency assistance loans (EALs)

Project Number: 49038-001
Project Name: Flood Emergency Reconstruction and Resilience Project
Report Date:
Lesson
When designing a project even in a difficult and tenuous political situation, it may be best to be strongly proactive rather than tentative and conservative. In an area that is just recovering from a long civil war, with a practically nonfunctioning implementing agency and a weak government capacity, the ADB preparation team designed a project with a whole gamut of proactive measures to bring about improved water resources management using basin-wide IWRM principles.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Incorporating capacity development (whenever and wherever needed) as an integral part of project design results in a more holistic development approach. At the beginning of the project, the MEW was institutionally weak, and the Hari Rud RBA did not exist. The project spent $7.5 million in loan and grants funds for capacity development.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Providing a degree of flexibility in the scope and output targets during the preparation of emergency assistance projects could help in the attainment of project results. Often, greater emphasis is made to facilitate project formulation and get activities going on the ground as expeditiously as possible, usually within three months from the occurrence of a disaster. Under such circumstances, however, it is difficult to be precise as to what actually needs to be done.

Project Number: 48326-001
Project Name: Northern Flood-Damaged Infrastructure Emergency Rehabilitation Project
Report Date: