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Lesson
Construction of sewerage and wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) was substantially delayed due to delays in land acquisition, preparation of a detailed design, and a change of site location. In order to avoid any unnecessary delay in the implementation of the project, sufficient attention should be paid to land acquisition in project preparation, and the land should be made available for the project prior to mobilization of the design consultant.

Project Number: 32239-013
Project Name: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project should focus on a small number of physically integrated components to simplify project administration and optimize intersector linkages.

Project Number: 32239-013
Project Name: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Along with consultations related to subproject design and scope, consultation with project towns on cost recovery, tariffs, and user charges is crucial for sustainability.

Project Number: 32239-013
Project Name: Urban and Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Performance of the Contractors. During implementation, significant delay in the completion of the contract was caused by poor performance of a joint venture contractor, who was awarded three contract packages. For future projects, the criteria for qualification of the contractors under a joint venture, and for the award of multiple contracts, should be strengthened. The contractual provisions related to contractor performance, such as mobilization, staffing, and deployment of equipment and funds, need to be strengthened so that poor performance by the contractor is discouraged.

Project Number: 32253-013
Project Name: East-West Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project preparation and readiness. The construction of Surajbari Bridge encountered engineering problems, which significantly delayed project completion. Wherever required, a separate contract for such major bridges should be made, so that only qualified contractors are awarded the contracts for such specialized works. A thorough survey, investigation, and design should be carried out in initial stages in order to enhance project readiness. Such critical works should be started immediately upon the award of contract.

Project Number: 32253-013
Project Name: East-West Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The initial delay in project implementation was primarily caused by slow procurement, land acquisition, and resettlement activities. This is a common issue for all projects in India. Project implementation also experienced prolonged delays in clearance for cutting of trees. For ADB-funded projects, such constraints are now being addressed through a project readiness checklist and training and capacity building programs for the executing agencies. This will ensure that preconstruction activities are carried out in advance and only well-prepared projects are taken up for approval.

Project Number: 32253-013
Project Name: East-West Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Substantial evidence demonstrates that community-driven development (CDD) approaches are more effective than other approaches to basic infrastructure development. Evidence also indicates that CDD is likely to offer better cost recovery and maintenance of completed infrastructure facilities and services because of the strong sense of ownership of the community members. In addition, CDD leads to better accountability. Transparency in decision making and procurement and increased use of audits have demonstrably reduced corruption and leakage of public funds.

Project Number: 40247-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Community facilitators must be qualified and committed, and enough time must be set aside for community empowerment activities, to ensure that community members are sufficiently involved in prioritizing their needs, developing investment proposals, and making decisions. [Main text, para. 65(ii)]

Project Number: 40247-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Involving the beneficiaries at all stages of planning and implementation of upgrading activities and promoting inclusive community empowerment are critical in ensuring pro-poor investments and sustainability.

Project Number: 40247-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A few factors contributed to the success of the project in mitigating the diverse environmental impacts of the highly complex and challenging construction. A strong institutional establishment ensured effective implementation of the project environmental management plan. Sound environmental management practices were adopted throughout the Project Design, construction, and operation. For example, shock absorbers were installed on the Yichang Extra Large Bridge to minimize the vibration impacts of railway carriages on the aquatic habitats of the Chinese sturgeon.

Project Number: 35339-013
Project Name: Yichang-Wanzhou Railway Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Three years after loan approval, the government made the decision to double track a section of the Yichang-Wanzhou Railway which connects to the subsequent ADB-financed Chongqing-Lichuang Railway. During project implementation, the Ministry of Railways made the investment to increase the capacity of the congested alternative railway routes, which changed some key assumptions made at appraisal. This highlights the importance of incorporating the overall planning of the sector into the appraisal of a specific project.

Project Number: 35339-013
Project Name: Yichang-Wanzhou Railway Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project encountered common resettlement issues, and timely measures were taken: (i) early completion of the major land acquisition resettlement activities 1 year prior to the commencement of civil works allowed adequate time for resettlement implementation as well as completion of civil works; (ii) instead of concentrated resettlement sites, allocation of individual housing plots ensured that the affected households moved into new houses in a timely manner, but this approach has to be prudently decided upon based on the local context; (iii) a good relationship was built with the local c

Project Number: 35338-013
Project Name: Hunan Roads Development II Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Based on the actual traffic recorded in 2009 and 2010, the traffic forecast at appraisal was unrealistically high for both the project expressway and parallel G319. The lower traffic and increased project cost have negatively impacted on the project financial reevaluation compared to appraisal. It is, therefore, suggested that a road traffic origin-destination survey be conducted in an appropriate manner, including timing and locations for survey, detailed information on the local and through traffic, accurate information on vehicle categories, and validation of traffic results.

Project Number: 35338-013
Project Name: Hunan Roads Development II Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project expressway was implemented in an efficient and effective manner and was opened to traffic on 18 December 2008, which coincided with the completion date estimated at appraisal. The timely completion of the project was mainly due to early project preparation and readiness, including the completion of preliminary design in March 2003 and the detailed design in December 2003, as well as advance procurement of key civil work contracts and project implementation consultants.

Project Number: 35338-013
Project Name: Hunan Roads Development II Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The price for some materials, especially cement, steel, and asphalt, was substantially adjusted during implementation. Large-scale price eslalation led the contractors to slow down the work. Since the standard contract period for the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (Prime Minister's Rural Roads Program) works is only 12 months, provision for price escalation is not included in the civil works contract. This means that if the works take longer than 12 months for any reason, price escalation potentially becomes an issue.

Project Number: 37066-023
Project Name: MFF - Rural Roads Sector II Investment Program (Subproject 1)
Report Date: