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Lesson
Promoting the success of MSE (micro and small enterprise) operations and helping PCBs (participating commercial banks) fulfill their greater developmental functions would address existing constraints. Access to finance is just one constraint hindering the development of MSEs. In a 2003 survey of SMEs (in Uzbekistan, the International Finance Corporation identified some of the negative factors hindering the operation of enterprises. These include administrative procedures, currency conversion, access to finance, taxation, and import and export restrictions.

Project Number: 42007-013
Project Name: Second Small and Microfinance Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Proper engagement and communication with stakeholders is vital to ensure that the rationale and the objectives of the project are fully understood, and this helps during project implementation by speeding up important decisions. The good interaction between MOW (Ministry of Works), the PSC (project steering committee), and the PIA (project implementation assistance) consultants proved highly beneficial in completing this project on time.

Project Number: 38160-032
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Allowing some NCB (national competitive bidding) packages in any project gives an opportunity to engage and test the ability of reputable local contractors. In this project it was noted that the local contractors for smaller NCB packages offered some very competitive rates and, with close supervision from the project team, were able to complete and deliver components in a timely manner.

Project Number: 38160-032
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For projects where machinery and equipment are to be purchased from project funding, it should be ascertained during project design that the executing agency is making sufficient allocations to the operational budget in the year targeted for the procurement of the equipment, and the years to follow. Otherwise, the equipment is not used effectively for lack of operational budget in the first year.

Project Number: 38160-032
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB provided guidance and support throughout the project with frequent project review missions.

Project Number: 38160-032
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Under a sector modality, core subprojects should only be included at project appraisal if detailed feasibility studies have shown them to be implementable. Under this grant project, a core subproject (Sopu drainage channel) had to be dropped in the implementation phase when detailed design and feasibility studies revealed huge and unfeasible land acquisition needs.

Project Number: 38160-032
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
One of the significant lessons from the project is the positive impact of early fielding of PIA (project implementation assistance) consultants. During project preparation, the capacity of the executing agency, MOW (Ministry of Works), was assessed as insufficient, particularly for detailed design, construction supervision, and overall project planning, monitoring, and reporting. The project design therefore provided for PIA consultants to assist and support MOW.

Project Number: 38160-032
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
One of the contracts issued that was declared misprocured by ADB because the bidder failed to meet minimum post-qualification financial threshold requirements, and which was then paid for by the executing agency, was completed successfully and within budget by the national company. That work was of high quality.

Project Number: 28261-023
Project Name: Third Road Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The consultant supervision costs were the responsibility of the executing agency. As was previously noted, the delays in civil works resulted in increasing consultant supervision costs and the executing agency decided to terminate the consultants and recruit individual consultants. The consultants were paid by the executing agency and the change was made over ADB's objections.

Project Number: 28261-023
Project Name: Third Road Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A lack of data and documentation was noted throughout project implementation. The project procurement-related audit noted this, and, as determined by the project completion review mission, data is unavailable within the executing agency. For example, there are no traffic counts after 2009, only two benefit monitoring evaluation reports were available, and the project completion report lacks important information. ADB needs to ensure during project implementation that data requested is provided by the executing agency.

Project Number: 28261-023
Project Name: Third Road Upgrading (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Gender-related goals are generally easier to monitor if they are policy conditions instead of targets in the DMF (design and monitoring framework).

Project Number: 44061-012
Project Name: Strengthening Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Policy reforms invariably require a champion to steer and lead. The Minister of Labor and Social Protection, who had earlier been the Chairman of Amonatbank, was the key figure in promoting the plastic cards pilot program. Despite some issues (some of which may still linger), this remains a modern step in pension reform in the region. Similarly, the reforms in the Tax Committee had considerable government ownership and support. During the program, the President announced issuance of a new Tax Code, an action that was endorsed by the program.

Project Number: 44061-012
Project Name: Strengthening Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A multiple tranche design or program cluster design is useful, as it brings more balance to the program and helps keep up the government's commitment, even though such a design has high transaction costs for the government and ADB. Such designs also discourage the tendency for the government and ADB to include easier actions in the initial tranche and tougher ones in the later tranches, thereby unbalancing the program and leading to less than successful ratings. The incentive tranche kept ADB and the government engaged and kept the reforms on track.

Project Number: 44061-012
Project Name: Strengthening Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
In countries with capacity challenges, reforms take time as limited capacity results in implementation delays. This must be accounted for in design.

Project Number: 44061-012
Project Name: Strengthening Public Resource Management Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Where country systems are weak, program monitoring could benefit from TA (technical assistance), as in Tajikistan. The TA could focus on expenditure tracking mechanisms, internal controls, and external audits; and be conducted in two stages. In the first stage, when monitoring capacity is still weak, experts could be engaged to monitor program-supported expenditures rather than relying on the government to submit monitoring reports. The second stage would focus on improving country systems to help the transition of monitoring tasks from external experts to government staff.

Project Number: 44061-012
Project Name: Strengthening Public Resource Management Program
Report Date: