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Lesson
Programmatic approaches are an appropriate and effective means to address technically challenging development problems that require long gestation periods. In this case, the government piloted and launched a highly effective program to improve the prospects of young and disadvantaged job seekers, and strengthened several existing labor market activation programs as part of a broader education reform agenda. This process covered more than 6 years and the large technical assistance (TA) grants the program attracted were instrumental to its success.

Project Number: 49117-002, 49117-003, 49117-004
Project Name: Facilitating Youth School-to-Work Transition Program (Subprograms 1, 2, and 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
Coordinated use of TA is essential to support policy based lending, as this modality on its own is not well positioned to develop or deploy needed capacity. The TA grants funded by the Government of Canada provided the hands-on support necessary to develop policy and operating systems, which was followed by the program to provide the leverage to support the actual rollout of the JobStart Philippines Program (JSP).

Project Number: 49117-002, 49117-003, 49117-004
Project Name: Facilitating Youth School-to-Work Transition Program (Subprograms 1, 2, and 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
The multitranche financing facility (MFF) modality is appropriate for the phased Implementation of major reforms. It also proved suitable for the new training partnership model introduced by this investment program, which took time to take off within both the government and the private sector. This is because the stakeholders deemed it important to familiarize themselves first with the model— learn which aspects were working well, which ones did not. and subsequently modify or redesign those aspects that proved inappropriate or ineffective.

Project Number: 42466-015
Project Name: Skills for Employment Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Results-based lending (RBL) is effective in strengthening government systems and fostering a whole-of-government approach to education reform. The Department of Education and education sector benefitted from the extensive engagement and discussions with oversight agencies on specific program results areas. The agencies provided a wider perspective on government financing, resource programming and prioritization, development planning, and program or project evaluation.

Project Number: 45089-002
Project Name: Senior High School Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensuring the continuity of reforms until they are fully rexecuted requires the Implementation of a medium-term program framework, strong government commitment, and extensive consultation and engagement of key stakeholders. This program was designed when the massive K–12 reform was rolled out. The reform’s full Implementation was envisioned to go beyond the administrative tenure of Department of Education that initiated it.

Project Number: 45089-002
Project Name: Senior High School Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Safeguard actions required for non-RBL projects are largely unsuitable for RBL programs, and this needs to be considered to improve the safeguard system assessments and categorization of future RBL programs. While safeguard concerns were satisfactorily resolved in the program, some actions in the safeguard action plan were more appropriate for a typical investment project than for an RBL program. For example, the safeguard action plan indicated the disclosure of environmental documents of senior high school classroom construction.

Project Number: 45089-002
Project Name: Senior High School Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB needs to continue the RBL modality for the school education SWAp and expand to other education subsectors to leverage sequencing of results, add value to government programs, sustainably strengthen institutions, and harmonize development partners. The RBL modality encouraged substantive policy discussion and critical analysis geared towards common agreement on the key results. The government internalized the aim of achieving targets in a set time frame and linking disbursements to achieved results.

Project Number: 49424-001
Project Name: Supporting School Sector Development Plan
Report Date:
Lesson
The sector development program modality proved to be effective in helping the government to reform the education sector. It responded to the sector's major problem of insufficient financing, with the policy-based grant providing the government financial incentives to reform the sector. The project component effectively supported the implementation of policy reforms. Some project initiatives are not yet fully functional and the government needs further support to accomplish these. Supporting technical assistance could address this.

Project Number: 46537-002
Project Name: Strengthening Education System Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Trainings and in-person support are needed to strengthen financial management performance and full compliance, especially in cases where the government agencies are handling ADB projects for the first-time. As the first ADB project the Secretariat of State for Vocational Training and Employment (SEFOPE) oversaw, more thorough trainings and in-person support could have strengthened financial management performance and full compliance with the grant covenants.

Project Number: 45139-001
Project Name: Mid-Level Skills Training Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-designed RBL can make program implementation more efficient and reduce transaction costs during program implementation. This came about in this program with the disbursement-linked Indicators (DLIs) focusing on the main elements of the results chain and framework in the process highlighting the importance of teachers’ and managers’ capacity building and competency-based curriculum (CBC) development, which built a solid foundation for TVET’s sustainable development in Guizhou.

Project Number: 48101-003
Project Name: Guizhou Vocational Education Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The results-based lending (RBL) modality provided an integrated arrangement for the provincial government to improve the provincial TVET system. The comprehensive program results framework and management information allowed the government to closely monitor and evaluate the progress of the development of demonstration TVET institutions and accelerated their development.

Project Number: 48101-003
Project Name: Guizhou Vocational Education Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) fits well with the RBL modality with comprehensive due diligence review conducted at appraisal and adequate action items integrated into a program action plan and implemented accordingly. The external resettlement Monitoring and evaluation arrangement proved essential to ensure implementation of the proposed actions and to assess the income and livelihood restoration of affected people.

Project Number: 48101-003
Project Name: Guizhou Vocational Education Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Support from experts in safeguards, financial management, procurement, and other aspects was necessary to implement this first RBL in the country. Although the overall fiduciary system of the program was sound, some schools had weak capacity and needed extra support during program implementation.

Project Number: 48101-003
Project Name: Guizhou Vocational Education Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Changing mindsets from traditional investment to RBL could take time, requiring all stakeholders to have an in-depth understanding of the RBL modality. The provincial government and education department’s strong commitment to the program has powered ts success.

Project Number: 48101-003
Project Name: Guizhou Vocational Education Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The series of interlinked sector development programs operating with the framework of the government’s education sector policies and plans has proven effective in supporting government secondary education reforms. This long-term approach has provided consistent support and certainty to a long and complex reform agenda that successfully extended the secondary school cycle while simultaneously supporting broadened access and improved quality and efficiency.

Project Number: 40368-022
Project Name: Secondary
Education Sector Development Program
Report Date: