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Lesson
Premature road failure caused by overloaded vehicles. The government has not yet developed and implemented a more effective policy to control vehicle overloading. Local initiatives are more easily implemented and achieve significant results. Also, DGH is reviewing its policy of designing roads on the basis of legal axle load limits and considering other options such as designing roads on the basis of actual axle loads. For the near term, such initiatives should be strongly encouraged.

Project Number: 34159-013
Project Name: Road Rehabilitation - 2 Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Contingencies. The physical and price contingencies were inadequate, in particular given the extensive design changes required for a number of subprojects, the expected increase in the scope of rehabilitation works over time as the roads continue to deteriorate further, and the significant unit price adjustments resulting from the fuel price increases.

Project Number: 34159-013
Project Name: Road Rehabilitation - 2 Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Recruitment of supervision consultants. Delays in contract signing were a factor behind the decision of the consulting firms to replace the initially proposed experts, including the team leader. Although the replacements had to have the same qualifications as the people they replaced, consulting firms in such a situation generally propose less-qualified replacements.

Project Number: 34159-013
Project Name: Road Rehabilitation - 2 Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequacy of designs for works in difficult soil conditions. For the reconstruction of road sections in difficult terrain and soil conditions, the initial designs were not based on adequate geotechnical investigations. The design reviews therefore took longer, contributing to cost increases and delays in the start of the works.

Project Number: 34159-013
Project Name: Road Rehabilitation - 2 Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Specifications for the use of coal in asphalt plant. The two cases where low-quality asphalt pavement resulted from the use of inappropriate coal as fuel for the asphalt mixing plant burners indicate a need to develop specifications and exercise stringent supervision when coal is to be used as fuel.

Project Number: 34159-013
Project Name: Road Rehabilitation - 2 Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of international joint venture partners in implementation of international competitive bidding (ICB) contracts awarded to joint ventures was observed during project implementation. In all cases, it was clear that the local contractors had applied for prequalification and submitted bids in joint venture with a foreign partner simply to meet the pre-qualification and post-qualification requirements.

Project Number: 29472-013
Project Name: Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective orientation programs on project approaches, implementation modalities, and the roles of stakeholders contributed to successful project implementation. Implementation partners should be well informed of the approaches and strategies of the project prior to implementation.

Project Number: 29472-013
Project Name: Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
During the implementation of Part C, the change in construction method from labor to equipment based (otta seal standard) had an effect on the original road length. Detailed study on the construction method needs to be carefully undertaken during the design phase to avoid changes during the implementation phase.

Project Number: 29472-013
Project Name: Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project was implemented during the conflict period (2001-2006) and it faced challenges from local communities, which made additional demands and at times disrupted the work progress. Part A could not be completed as it was highly affected by unrest in Terai. A proper analysis of road design and selection of road sections should be carried out during the design phase to ensure timely completion of the selected road sections is possible.

Project Number: 29472-013
Project Name: Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A few civil works contracts could not be completed even after extending the loan closing date by 18 months. The timeframe, working season, and site analysis should be considered prior to award of contract to ensure timely completion of the contracts.

Project Number: 29472-013
Project Name: Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical cooperation has required the use of best-practice systems and highly experienced professional staff from more developed countries. The development of regional expertise will take many years and require additional resources, if Pacific developing member countries (DMCs) expect to localize these positions. This environment requires flexibility in PASO staffing and structure to enable adjustments.

Project Number: 37449-013
Project Name: Establishment of the Pacific Aviation Safety Office Project (Pacific Region)
Report Date:
Lesson
The project is unique among ADB interventions in the Pacific. It involved setting up a regional organization from scratch, using a regional loan guaranteed by four Pacific Aviation Safety Office (PASO) members. While the concept was innovative, the first lesson is that a regional project can raise a variety of new issues. Inception was delayed by lengthy procedures for parliamentary approval of two of the guarantees. As of 2011, there is a risk that the organization could eventually fail unless a secure funding basis can be established in the near future.

Project Number: 37449-013
Project Name: Establishment of the Pacific Aviation Safety Office Project (Pacific Region)
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional lessons arise from the need for cooperation on the part of governments, airlines, and international agencies in reforming and harmonizing the regulatory and legislative environment. ICAO has already recognized PASO as a legitimate international organization and will exercise quality control through the regular Universal Safety Oversight Audit Program and Universal Security Audit Program in each country. Governments need to ensure continuing cooperation between aviation ministries and other ministries responsible for drafting and enacting legislation and for providing finance.

Project Number: 37449-013
Project Name: Establishment of the Pacific Aviation Safety Office Project (Pacific Region)
Report Date:
Lesson
The concept of regional cooperation in technically demanding sectors is sound. The project concept of developing the coordinated provision of technical services to small and poorly resourced states has been proven. The project has helped develop similar regional activities in Asia and Africa by demonstrating feasibility to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and other international organizations.

Project Number: 37449-013
Project Name: Establishment of the Pacific Aviation Safety Office Project (Pacific Region)
Report Date:
Lesson
The introduction of new aviation systems into regional and national organizations needs to be subjected to in-depth systems analysis to ensure that the systems are appropriate to the environment. Also, it is necessary to provide sufficient, continued capacity development and training to retain the use of the system and improve it.

Project Number: 37449-013
Project Name: Establishment of the Pacific Aviation Safety Office Project (Pacific Region)
Report Date: